1.16 Storage Polysaccharides

• Storage polysaccharide

  • Polysaccharide that is a storage form for monosaccharides and used as an energy source in cells.
• Glucose

  • Monomeric unit
• Types of Polysaccharides Isolated From Starch:

  1. Amylose
  2. Amylopectin
• Amylose

  • Unbranched-chain polymer and accounts for 15%–20% of the starch.
• Amylopectin

  • Branched chain polymer and accounts for 80%–85% of the starch.
• Glycogen

  • Glucose storage polysaccharide in humans and animals 
  • Contains only glucose units 
  • Branched chain polymer with α(1🡪4) glycosidic bonds in straight chains and α(1🡪6) in branches
  • Three times more highly branched than amylopectin in starch
  • Contains up to 1,000,000 glucose units
• Excess glucose in blood is stored in the form of glycogen.