Hypernatremia

• Hypernatremia 


  Results from excessive sodium intake or sodium retention with excessive loss of water.
• Hypernatremia

  Sodium and water excess results to edema.
• Hypernatremia

  Causes:

  • hyperventilation
  • diarrhea (more water is lost than sodium)
  • high sodium intake
  • water deprivation
• Hypernatremia

  Signs and symptoms:

  Mnemonic: FRIED SALT
• Hypernatremia

  Signs and symptoms:

  F - flushed skin

  R - restlessness, confusion, agitation

  I - increased bp and fluid retention

  E - edema (pitting)

  D - decreased urine output

  S - skin flushed and dry

  A - agitation

  L - low grade fever

  T - thirst (dry mucous membrane)
• Hypernatremia

  Management:

  • restrict sodium in the diet
  • increase oral fluids or administer D5W per IV as prescribed.
  • promote safety