mitosis and meiosis

• What are the two types of cell division discussed in the study material?

  Mitosis and meiosis
• What is the primary purpose of mitosis?

  Growth and repair of somatic cells
• What is the primary purpose of meiosis?

  Sexual reproduction and genetic diversity
• In which type of cells does mitosis occur?

  Somatic (body) cells
• In which type of cells does meiosis occur?

  Germ cells (reproductive cells)
• What is an example of mitosis in action?

  Skin cell division for wound healing
• What is an example of meiosis in action?

  Production of sperm and egg cells
• What are the key differences in the number of divisions between mitosis and meiosis?

  - Mitosis: One division (PMAT) - Meiosis: Two consecutive divisions (Meiosis I and Meiosis II)
• How many daughter cells does mitosis produce?

  Two daughter cells
• How many daughter cells does meiosis produce?

  Four daughter cells
• What type of daughter cells does mitosis produce?

  Genetically identical daughter cells
• What type of daughter cells does meiosis produce?

  Genetically diverse daughter cells
• What is the chromosome number in daughter cells produced by mitosis if the parent cell is diploid (2n)?

  Diploid (2n)
• What is the chromosome number in daughter cells produced by meiosis if the parent cell is diploid (2n)?

  Haploid (n)
• What are the sources of genetic variation in meiosis?

  1. Crossing over during prophase I 2. Independent assortment of chromosomes during metaphase I 3. Random fertilization when gametes combine
• Why is genetic variation important in meiosis?

  It is crucial for evolution and adaptation in species
• What is the role of crossing over in meiosis?

  It contributes to genetic variation
• What is the role of independent assortment in meiosis?

  It contributes to genetic variation
• What is the role of random fertilization in meiosis?

  It contributes to genetic variation
• How does the genetic variation in daughter cells produced by meiosis differ from that produced by mitosis?

  Meiosis produces genetically diverse daughter cells, while mitosis produces genetically identical daughter cells