Separating mixture (chp.19)

• What is the main property difference used to separate mixtures of solids like sand and iron filings?

  Iron filings are magnetic, while sand is not.
• What is the method used to separate sand from water?

  Decantation.
• What is the property difference between salt and water?

  Salt is a soluble solid, while water is a liquid.
• How can salt be separated from saltwater?

  By using evaporation after boiling off the water.
• What is the method used to separate salt and sand?

  First add water, then use filtration followed by evaporation.
• What is the property difference between oil and water?

  Oil and water do not mix.
• What method is used to separate immiscible liquids like oil and water?

  Decantation.
• What is the difference between alcohol and water in terms of their miscibility?

  Alcohol and water are miscible liquids.
• What is the boiling point of alcohol compared to water?

  Alcohol has a boiling point of 78 °C, while water has a boiling point of 100 °C.
• What is distillation used for?

  To separate miscible liquids or a solid from a liquid where the liquid is also required.
• What is fractional distillation used for?

  When liquids have similar boiling points.
• What are some substances obtained from crude oil through fractional distillation?

  Gasoline, diesel, lubrication oil, cooking gas, aviation fuel.
• What is the method used to separate colored dyes in small volumes?

  Chromatography.