Antepartum haemorrhage

• APH = bleeding from the genital tract after 24+0 weeks

  Often underestimated - revealed loss may not be indicative of total blood loss - blood can collect between the uterus and placenta in placental abruption
• Important red flag causes:

  • Placenta praevia
  • Placental abruption
  • Uterine rupture
  • Vasa praevia
• Causes to consider:

  • Placenta praevia
  • Placental abruption
  • Local causes - cervical ectropion, cervicitis, polyps, malignancy
  • Uterine rupture
  • Unexplained
  • Remember to consider domestic violence