Rabies

• Rabies is also called as Lyssa
• Rabies

  Causative Agent: Rhabdo Virus (Bullet-shaped)
• Rabies

  Mode of transmission: Animal bite and scratch (rare)
• Rabies

  RA 7170: Organ Donation Act - those who died with infectious diseases are not permitted to donate any organs
• Rabies: Signs & Symptoms

  Symptoms occur when it reaches the brain
• Rabies: Signs & Symptoms

  Hydrophobia - fear of water (caused by laryngospasm, triggered by swallowing)
• Rabies: Signs & Symptoms

  Aerophobia - fear of air
• Rabies: Signs & Symptoms

  Maniacal-behavior - patient is restrained
• Rabies: Signs & Symptoms

  Generalized Paralysis (whole body) including Respiratory Paralysis
• Rabies Diagnostics

  Observe the dog for 10-14 days
• Rabies Diagnostics

  15th day the dog is alive = NO rabies
• Rabies Diagnostics

  Brain biopsy of the dog

  • Dark inclusion bodies or Negri bodies - does not confirm rabies
• Rabies Diagnostics

  Fluorescent Rabies Antibody Test (FRAT) - Confirmatory Test
• Rabies Diagnostics

  Fluorescent Rabies Antibody Test (FRAT)

  • Small sample of tissue from nape will be sent to the lab (+ result: Antibody & Antigen Reaction)
• Rabies Management

  General Management: Virus is in the Body so, PREVENT the virus from reaching the brain
• Rabies Management

  1. First aid: Wash the wound with soap and running water
  2. Tetanus Prophylaxis
  3. Rabies Immunization (Active + Passive)
  4. Virus in the brain: Palliative

  Precaution: Strict Isolation - ALL PPE

  Environment: Non-stimulating

  Restraints when necessary

  AVOID any sense of fluid stimulation

  Cover IVF (with manila paper)
• Rabies Management

  Rabies Immunization (Active + Passive)

  • Active Type - Inactivated virus:Verorab/Imurab

  5 doses - ID (Cost-effective): Day 0,3,7,14,28(Dog is alive - 14, 28 NOT given)

  • PassiveType

  Rabies Ig (Rabuman):HRIG/ERIG

  Based on the bodybody weight

  Half of the dose is injected on the wound site; Half of the dose is givenIM away from the active site
• Rabies Prevention

  Responsible Pet Ownership: Dogs are immunized at 3 months then booster yearly
• Rabies Prevention

  Anti-rabies Act - R.A. 9482