B3- Viral, Fungal and protists diseases

• What type of diseases are caused by fungi and protists?

  Fungal and protist diseases
• What are the three viral diseases you need to know about?

  • Measles
  • HIV
  • Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
• How is measles spread?

  By droplets from an infected person's nose
• What are the symptoms of measles?

  A red skin rash and a high temperature
• What serious complications can arise from measles?

  Pneumonia and inflammation of the brain
• When are most people vaccinated against measles?

  When they're young
• How is HIV spread?

  By sexual contact or exchanging bodily fluids
• What initial symptoms does HIV cause?


  Flu-like symptoms for a few weeks
• What happens after the initial symptoms of HIV?

  The person usually doesn't experience any symptoms for several years
• How can HIV be controlled in the body?

  With antiretroviral drugs that stop the virus from replicating
• What does HIV attack in the body?

  The immune cells
• What is the consequence of a badly damaged immune system due to HIV?

  The body can't cope with other infections or cancers
• What is the late stage of HIV infection called?

  AIDS
• What is the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) known to affect?

  Many species of plants, such as tomatoes
• What symptom does TMV cause on plant leaves?

  A mosaic pattern and discoloration
• How does TMV affect a plant's ability to photosynthesize?


  It reduces the plant's ability to carry out photosynthesis
• What is rose black spot and its effects on rose plants?

  • A fungus causing purple or black spots on leaves
  • Leaves can turn yellow and drop off
  • Reduces photosynthesis, affecting plant growth
• How does rose black spot spread?

  Through water or by the wind
• How can gardeners treat rose black spot?

  Using fungicides and removing affected leaves
• What should be done with affected leaves of rose plants?

  They need to be destroyed to prevent the fungus from spreading
• What is malaria and what causes it?

  • A disease caused by a protist
  • Part of its life cycle takes place inside mosquitoes
• How do mosquitoes contribute to the spread of malaria?


  They pick up the malarial protist when feeding on an infected animal
• What happens when a mosquito feeds on another animal?


  It infects the animal by inserting the protist into its blood vessels
• What are the symptoms of malaria?

  Repeating episodes of fever
• How can the spread of malaria be reduced?

  By stopping mosquitoes from breeding
• What methods can protect people from mosquitoes?

  Using insecticides and mosquito nets