integumentary system

• What does the integumentary system do?

  it protects the body from damage such as loss of water or abrasion from outside.
• What is the integumentary system made up of?

  skin and it's appendages which are hair, scales, feathers, hooves and nails
• What are the three layers of skin called?

  epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous layer
• What is the epidermis layer and what is it like?

  it is the first layer of skin which keeps pathogens out of the body and it is waterproof; it is elastic and gives skin its colour.
• What is the dermis layer and what is it like?


  the second layer of skin underneath the epidermis it contains hair follicles,nerves,blood vessels and glands to help regulate body temperature
• What is the subcutaneous layer and what is it like?


  the third layer under the skin it is made of connective tissue and has a high amount of fat which provides insulation and shape
• In the dermis layer there are two parts on top and on the bottom what are there names?


  the first part of the dermis layer is the papillary layer and the second part is the reticular layer
• What is the fat in the subcutaneous layer called?

  adipose tissue
• What is another name for the subcutaneous layer of skin?


  hypodermis
• What are the three types of skin glands?

  sudoriferous, sebaceous and ceruminous
• What is the function of the sudoriferous skin gland?


  it secretes sweat
• What is the function of the sebaceous skin gland?


  it secretes sebum which keeps the skin and hair lubricated
• What is the function of the ceruminous skin gland?


  the ceruminous skin glands are specialised sudoriferous glands which secrete ear wax
• What is hair made out of?

  keratin
• In animals what does the guard hair and downy hairs grow from?


  the same follicle
• What is the texture of downy hairs?


  dense, fine and soft hairs
• Where are downy hairs?


  they are close to the skin and make up the undercoat, they are good for insulation
• What is the texture of guard hair like?


  coarser (rough), thicker, longer hairs
• Where is guard hair and what is its function?


  the top coat, they help prevent injuries to the skin and influences the animals appearance.
• What are claws and hooves made from?

  they are made of a section of the dermis which is covered in a layer of keratinised epithelium
• How are nails made?

  a nail matrix forms on top of dermis and the root of the nail grows from a thick layer of matrix
• What are hollow horns made from?


  a cone of keratin which surround mass of bone.
• Antlers are what


  bone
• How are rhino horns different to other horns?


  they are made from keratinised cells without a core of bone
• What are young antlers like?

  covered in velvety skin which becomes rubbed off as the antlers develop, the bone turns into compact bone tissue as they mature