C09.03: Burning hydrocarbon fuels

• Complete combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel happens when there is a good supply of air. Carbon and hydrogen atoms in the fuel react with oxygen in an exothermic reaction.
• In complete combustion, the maximum amount of energy is given out as its only products are carbon dioxide and water.
• Complete combustion:

  oxygen + hydrocarbon --> carbon dioxide + water

  E.g.

  
• Incomplete combustion happens when the supply of air or oxygen is poor.
• During incomplete combustion, water is produced, but carbon monoxide and carbon are produced. Less energy is released than during complete combustion.
• In a Bunsen Burner, incomplete combustion occurs when the air hole is closed.