Stuff

• What was a key reason for Mussolini's desire to avenge Italy's defeat?

  Italy wanted to avenge its earlier defeat at the Battle of Adwa in 1896.
• When did Italy launch its invasion of Abyssinia?

  October 3, 1935
• What were the advantages of the Italian forces during the invasion of Abyssinia?

  Superior weaponry, larger army, and modern military technology.
• What challenges did the Abyssinian army face during the invasion?

  The Abyssinian army was poorly equipped and faced significant challenges against modern military might.
• What does economic development refer to?


  The process by which a nation improves the economic, political, and social well-being of its people
• How do indicators help geographers and economists?


  They help compare the level of development between different countries or regions
• What is one indicator of economic development?

  Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita
• What are the main indicators of economic development?

  • Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita
  • Human Development Index (HDI)
  • Birth and death rates
  • Infant mortality rates
  • Life expectancy
  • Access to safe water
  • Literacy rates
• What are High Income Countries (HICs)?


  Countries with high living standards and economic performance, e.g., UK, USA, Japan
• What characterizes Newly Emerging Economies (NEEs)?


  They are transitioning from Low Income Countries (LICs) to High Income Countries (HICs)
• Which country is an example of a Low Income Country (LIC)?


  Niger
• What factors categorize countries into economic development groups?

  • Income levels
  • Industrial structure (primary, secondary, tertiary sectors)
  • Employment rates
  • Education and healthcare access
• What does uneven development refer to?


  The disparity in economic and social progress between different regions or countries
• What are some physical factors contributing to uneven development?

  Climate, natural resources, and natural hazards
• How does colonialism affect uneven development?


  It creates long-lasting economic disparities between colonized and colonizing nations
• What are the main causes of uneven development?

  • Physical factors: climate, natural resources, natural hazards
  • Historical factors: colonialism, political stability/instability
  • Economic factors: trade relationships, debt
  • Social factors: education levels, healthcare access
  • Political factors: government policies, corruption
• What is one strategy for reducing the development gap?


  Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
• How does fair trade help reduce the development gap?


  It ensures producers get a fair price for their goods
• What is microfinance?


  Small loans provided to individuals or small businesses
• What are some strategies for reducing the development gap?

  • Investment: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), microfinance initiatives
  • Industrial development: Encouraging manufacturing and service industries
  • Aid: Bilateral and multilateral aid
  • Debt relief: Cancelling or reducing debts of LICs
  • Fair trade: Ensuring fair prices for producers
  • Tourism: Developing sustainable tourism
  • Intermediate technology: Introducing sustainable technologies
• What is de-industrialization?


  The decline of traditional manufacturing industries
• What impact has globalization had on the UK economy?


  Increased international competition and outsourcing of jobs
• What is the North-South divide in the UK?


  The economic disparities between northern and southern regions
• What is the definition of homeostasis?


  The maintenance of a constant internal environment within an organism
• What are the key characteristics of homeostasis?


  • It is a dynamic equilibrium, not a static state
  • Involves continuous adjustments
  • Crucial for optimal functioning of cells and organs
• What are some examples of internal conditions that need regulation?


  1. Body temperature
  2. Blood glucose levels
  3. Blood pH
  4. Water balance
  5. Ion concentrations
• What is the normal body temperature in humans?

  Around 37°C (98.6°F)
• How are blood glucose levels regulated?

  Primarily by insulin and glucagon hormones
• What regulates water balance in the body?

  Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and the kidneys