Conflict and Tension

• What word is used for the ceasefire at the end of the war?

  Armistice
• Which of the allied countries suffered the most in WW1?

  France
• Where did the allies organise the peace conference to deal with Germany?

  Palace of Versailles
• Who were the Big Three at the Versailles Peace Conference?

  Georges Clemenceau, David Lloyd George, Woodrow Wilson
• What did France want to do to Germany?

  Disarm Germany and make them pay for all the war damage.
• What did the British people want from Germany?

  'Hang the Kaiser', 'Make Germany Pay' for all the war damage.
• David Lloyd George publicly went along with "Making Germany Pay", but what did he actually think should happen?

  He wanted to preserve the power of the British navy, and keep Germany strong enough to maintain trade with.
• What was Woodrow Wilson's attitude towards Germany?

  America had not been very affected by the war so didn't desire revenge.
• What was Wilson's list of ideas for what he thought should happen after the war called?

  the Fourteen Points.
• What is 'self-determination'?

  The right for all people to govern themselves or decide who governs them.
• What was the worldwide association of nations that Wilson wanted to set up named?

  League of Nations
• When was the Treaty of Versailles signed?


  28th June 1919
• Give three areas of land taken off Germany in the Treaty.

  Alsace-Lorraine, Saar Land, Polish Corridor, North Schleswig, Memel, Danzig, Upper Silesia
• What amount of reparations did Germany have to pay?


  £6.6 billion
• What military restrictions were placed on Germany at Versailles?


  • 100,000 in army
  • Tanks & planes banned
  • 15,000 in navy
  • 6 ships, no submarines
  • No troops in the Rhineland.
• What was done with the Rhineland?


  It was demilitarised.
• What was the 'War Guilt' clause?


  Article 231, Germany had to take full blame for WW1.
• What is a diktat?


  A 'dictated peace', Germany had no choice but to sign it.
• Which major country decided not to join the LofN and why was this weird?

  USA, it was an American idea in the first place.
• Why was USA not joining a major problem?

  the USA was the richest and most powerful country.
• Which two countries were banned from joining what what did it make the League look like?

  Germany and USSR, make it look like a 'winners club'.
• Name two social problems / diseases the League tried to tackle.

  Social:

  • drug trafficking
  • prostitution
  • modern slavery
  • better working conditions.

  Diseases:

  • malaria
  • leprosy
  • yellow fever.
• What is collective security?

  If one state attacks another, all the members would join together and act against the aggressor.
• How often did the Assembly meet?

  Once a year.
• How were the decisions made in the Assembly?

  The decisions had to be unanimous.
• Which were the four permanent members of the council?

  Britain, France, Italy, Japan .
• What were the 3 stages of taking action against an aggressive country?

  Moral condemnation, economic sanctions and military force.
• What is moral condemnation?

  All countries would criticise the aggressor to pressure them into stopping their actions.
• What did economic sanctions involve?

  All countries in the LoN would stop trading with the aggressor.
• What did military force involve?

  Countries in the LoN would contribute to an armed force which would act against the aggressor.
• Give two weakness of the League.

  Had no army of its own, too slow, each Council member had a veto.
• What American city held the 1921-22 Arms Conference?

  Washington DC.
• What was the name of the peaceful 1925 deal between France and Germany?

  Locarno Pact, 1925
• What was the 1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact about?

  65 countries met up and agreed to be peaceful.
• Which countries had fallen out over the Aaland Islands in 1920?

  Sweden and Finland.
• What country had Greece invaded and had to pay compensation to in 1925?

  Bulgaria.
• Which Greek islands had the Italians threatened in 1923?

  Corfu
• Where is Manchuria?

  China
• What were the years of the Manchuria Crisis?

  1931 - 1933
• Which country attacked and took over Manchuria?

  Japan