professionals within

• Why is the organizational structure of clinical laboratories important?

  It is crucial for efficient operation and management.
• Who oversees all hospital functions?

  Hospital Administrator
• What is the role of the Laboratory Director?

  Responsible for the overall management of the laboratory, reporting directly to the administrator.
• Who are the medical doctors involved in the laboratory structure?

  Pathologist, Doctoral scientist, Doctors of Osteopathy
• What is the responsibility of the Chiefs of Different Sections in a laboratory?

  Manage specific laboratory areas, ensuring quality and compliance.
• What does the Chief Medical Technologist ensure?

  Quality control of the program
• What are the responsibilities of the Laboratory Manager?

  Handles day-to-day operations, including staff management and quality control.
• What are the key responsibilities of personal management in a laboratory?

  Recruiting, training, supply and requisition, costing.
• What is the role of a Clerk in a laboratory?

  Responsible for document management.
• What are the responsibilities of Section Heads of Different Laboratory Sections?

  Responsible for the quantity and quality of work performed in their department, training employees, and evaluating employee performance.
• What are the different laboratory sections in a clinical laboratory?

  • Hematology
  • Microbiology
  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Blood Banking
  • Immunology/Serology
  • Clinical Microscopy
  • Histopathology
• What is the role of Staff Medical Technologists?

  Perform laboratory analyses and ensure accurate test results.
• What is the difference between a Laboratory Technician and a Medical Laboratory Technician?

  A Laboratory Technician has failed the licensure exam.
• What are the responsibilities of a Phlebotomist?

  Specializes in blood extraction, ensuring patient comfort and safety.
• What is the role of a Laboratory Nurse?

  Screening of blood donors.
• What is the responsibility of a Laboratory Aide?

  Clean and maintain equipment.
• What are the qualifications for a Medical Technologist (MT) or Clinical Laboratory Scientist (CLS)?

  Has a baccalaureate degree and completed specified clinical training in an accredited Medical Technology program.
• What are the desirable traits for a Medical Technologist?

  • Dedication
  • Cooperation
  • Neatness
  • Caring attitude
  • Physical stamina
  • Good eyesight
  • Normal color vision
  • Manual dexterity
  • Good intellect
  • Aptitude for biological sciences
  • Communication skills
  • Honesty
• What are the ethical guidelines for clinical laboratory professionals?

  • Follow the prescribed code of conduct and behavior.
  • Adhere to the guidelines set by ASCLS and local ethics committees.
• Why is patient information considered confidential?

  It must only be discussed with health care employees who are directly related to the case and who have a “need to know.”
• Who should test results be reported to?

  Only to the physician or other appropriate designated employee.
• What is the primary function of a clinical laboratory?

  To perform chemical and microscopic examinations of various body fluids like blood and tissues.
• What are the classification criteria for types of laboratories?

  • By Ownership: Government, Private
  • By Function: Clinical & Anatomic Pathology
  • By Institutional Character: Institution-based, Freestanding
  • By Service Capacity: General, Special Clinical Laboratories
• What are the types of clinical pathology?

  Clinical chemistry, hematology, immunohematology, microbiology, immunology, clinical microscopy, endocrinology, molecular biology, cytogenetics, toxicology, and therapeutic drug monitoring.
• What are the types of anatomic pathology?

  Surgical pathology, immunohistopathology, cytology, autopsy, forensic pathology, and molecular pathology.
• What are the service capacities of clinical laboratories?

  • General Clinical Laboratory: Routine hematology, urinalysis, blood typing, etc.
  • Special Clinical Laboratory: Offers highly specialized laboratory services.
  • Limited Service Capability: Dialysis centers, social hygiene clinics.
• What is the role of National Reference Laboratories?

  Provide special functions and services such as confirmatory testing, surveillance, and training.
• What is a Mobile Clinical Laboratory?

  Any testing unit that moves from one testing site to another and is licensed as part of the main clinical laboratory.
• What factors affect the demand for health services in the Philippines?

  • Income
  • Price
  • Health Insurance
  • Age
  • Sex
  • Family Size
  • Education
  • Health Knowledge and Beliefs
  • Health Need
  • Distance of Source of Health Care
• How does income affect the demand for health services?

  Higher families tend to have higher actual use of health services due to affordability.
• What is the effect of price on the demand for health care?

  Price has a negative effect on the demand for health care.
• How does health insurance influence the utilization of health care?

  It reduces the cost of care and increases the family's ability to secure health services.
• How does age affect the demand for health care?

  The incidence of illness varies with age, increasing the need for health care.
• What is the relationship between family size and health service use?

  The effect of family size on the use of health services is unpredictable.
• How does education impact health service utilization?

  Greater education enables individuals to recognize early symptoms of illness, leading to greater willingness to seek treatment.
• What role do health knowledge and beliefs play in health maintenance?

  They affect an individual's efficiency in maintaining personal health through dietary, hygienic, and preventive measures.
• What determines the demand for health care?

  Demand is based upon felt needs, which may or may not be actual needs.
• How does distance affect the use of health facilities?

  The more distant a facility is from potential users, the less likely it is to be visited.