Changing Places

• What is local and location?

  Local- a place is shaped by the people, cultures and customs within it, a particular event or thing associated with that place.

  (e.g. Notting Hill carnival)

  Location- where a place is on the map (e.g. coordinates)
• What is sense of place?


  the subjective and emotional attachment people have to a place
• What is inside and outsider?

  Insider- someone who is familiar wiht a place and who feels welcome.

  Outsider- someone whoo feels unwelcome or marginalised from a place.
• What are near and far places?

  Near Places- can be thought of as geographically near to where a person lives

  Far Places- distant from where a person lives
• What are experienced and media places?

  Experiences Places- places people have spent time in. When a person visits or lives in a place, their experiences shape their sense of that place.

  Media Places- places that people have not been to but have created a sense of place through their depiction in the media.

  (e.g. England through James Bond, Harry Potter e.c.t.)
• What are endogenous factors and give examples of human and physical?

  Endogenous- the internal factors which shape a place's character

  Human: Built environment, location, land use, demographic characteristics

  Physical: Topography, Physical Geography, Location
• What is a key term in geography that describes a location on a map or its human and physical characteristics?


  Place
• What are the three key concepts of place?

  • Location
  • Locale
  • Sense of place
• How is 'sense of place' developed?


  Through personal experiences and attachments to a location
• Who are two theorists associated with the phenomenological approach to place?

  Yi-Fu Tuan and Edward Relph
• What does the descriptive approach to place emphasize?


  Studying places through their physical and human characteristics
• What is the significance of place in human life and experience?


  It gives people a personal identity and sense of belonging
• What are the reasons why place is important for individuals?

  • Provides personal identity
  • Attracts visitors through marketing
  • Influences preferences for living or holidaying
  • Impacts identity, sense of belonging, and well-being
• What is globalisation in the context of place?


  The growing interdependence of countries through various transactions
• What is 'placelessness' as a result of globalisation?


  A condition where local culture and identities are eroded
• Give an example of a global retail chain that contributes to placelessness.

  McDonald's
• What is glocalisation?


  The adaptation of global products to local cultures
• What is an example of glocalisation mentioned in the study material?

  McBurritos in Mexico
• How do places change over time?

  Due to changes in resources, demographics, and economic factors
• What factors can affect a person's sense of attachment to a place?

  Race, ethnicity, age, religion, and socio-economic status
• What are endogenous factors in the context of place studies?


  Internal factors such as location and physical geography
• What are exogenous factors in the context of place studies?


  External factors such as flows of people, capital, and resources
• What is regeneration in the context of place?


  A long-term process aimed at reversing urban decline
• What is rebranding?


  The redevelopment and marketing of a place to gain a new identity
• How does re-imaging relate to place perception?


  It disassociates a place from negative pre-existing images
• What role do government policies play in changing perceptions of place?


  They can attract people and investment through marketing
• How do people's perceptions of place change over time?


  They can change based on individual experiences and societal influences
• What is the impact of global institutions on place?


  They can run development projects that influence local places
• What is the significance of the 'sense of place' for personal identity?


  It is developed through lived experiences in a location
• How do agents of change influence perceptions of place?


  They manage or direct perceptions through various strategies
• What is the role of place marketing?


  To attract people and investment through advertising
• What is the relationship between rebranding and regeneration?


  Rebranding often involves regeneration to create a new identity
• How do re-imaging and regeneration lead to rebranding?


  They create a positive image that attracts investment and tourism
• What is the impact of urban decline on communities?


  It can lead to social challenges and reduced well-being
• How can places be homogenised as a result of globalisation?


  By producing identical or homogenised places across the world
• What is the significance of insider and outsider perspectives on place?


  They influence how individuals feel attached or detached from a place
• What can lead to a sense of being an outsider in a place?


  Factors such as race, ethnicity, and socio-economic status
• How do experienced places differ from media places?


  Experienced places are based on reality, while media places are selective portrayals
• How can the perception of a rural area differ from that of an inner-city area?


  Rural areas may be idealized, while inner-city areas may be negatively portrayed
• What is the role of social processes in defining places?


  They shape the meaning and characteristics of a place