L4.3.2: Neuroendocrine Level

• GnRH Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone

  ● Helps hypothalamus to communicate with the pituitary gland
• Adenohypophysis

  ● Stimulated by the GnRH

  ● anterior pituitary gland

  ● Hypophysis – medical term for pituitary gland.

  ● Pituitary Gland controls 9 hormones

  ○ Anterior — for adenohypophysis

  ■ Controls 7 hormones

  ○ Posterior — for neurohypophysis

  ■ controls 2 hormones
• Adenohypophysis

  ● FSH and LH hormones

  ○ Helps in the regulation of the sex

  hormones and the release of gametes.

  ● Presence of stimulating hormone to produce sex hormone
• Hormones

  • FSH — Follicle-stimulating Hormone
  • LH — Luteinizing Hormone
• FSH — Follicle-stimulating Hormone

  ○ For the maturation of the egg

  ○ Secondary sex characteristics

  ■ Joins hand-in-hand with estrogen

  ○ Follicle-maturation hormone
• FSH — Follicle-stimulating Hormone

  [1] Follicle Maturation

  [2] Graafian Follicle

  ■ Houses the oocyte for it to mature and be released.

  [3] Ovulation

  ■ The follicle has produced its own egg for fertilization.
• LH — Luteinizing Hormone

  ○ Promotes the rupturing of the graafian follicle.

  ○ Capable of sustaining pregnancy

  ■ Related with progesterone

  ○ its job is for the secondary oocyte, or the ovum to be released towards the fallopian tube.
• LH — Luteinizing Hormone

  [1] Prostaglandin Release

  ■ Part of ovulation

  ■ Prostaglandin: Substance that plays a role in rupturing the graafian follicle to free the egg.

  [2] Lutein

  ■ Component of LH

  ■ Promotes the development of Corpus Luteum
• FSH and LH have an inverse relationship.

  ○ During ovulation, FSH level is lower, while LH level is higher.

  ■ Since the egg is already released from the rupturing of the follicle, FSH is not needed anymore.

  ○ As the FSH level goes higher, the LH level goes lower; and as the FSH level goes lower, the LH level goes higher.