change in fertility

• Changes in fertility has affected three main areas:

  1. The family
  2. Dependency Ratio
  3. Public services and policies
• The family has been affected as smaller families mean women are more likely to go out and work creating the dual earner couple.

  
  

  
  

  Wealthier couples may still be able to afford childcare so they can both work full time.
• The dependency ratio is the relationship between the working and non-working class population.

  This is the mainly the elderly population and children
• A decline in fertility has affected the dependency ratio as it results in a smaller working population so their dependency burden increased as they have to work longer
• The long term issue with fewer births is there is a fall in the number of children which increases the burden of dependency on the working population
• Falling fertility rates means fewer children which creates vanishing children.

  Vanishing children means:

  • Childhood will become lonelier as they have no siblings
  • Fewer voices speaking up for children's rights
• Public services may be affected by a lower birth rate as:

  • Lower services such as schools and health services will be needed due to having less children