Allotropes diamond and graphite

• What are the allotropes of carbon discussed in the video?

  Graphene and fullerenes
• What are allotropes?


  Different structural forms of the same element in the same physical state
• What is the structure of graphene made up of?

  Multiple repeating hexagons
• How are the carbon atoms in graphene bonded?

  Each carbon is bonded to three other carbons
• Why is graphene strong?

  Because of its structure of multiple repeating hexagons
• What property of graphene allows it to conduct electricity?

  The delocalized pool of electrons
• How can graphene be obtained?

  From the ground in the form of graphite
• What are fullerenes?


  Tiny tubes and spheres made from carbon
• How can fullerenes be used in medicine?

  To deliver drugs to certain areas of the body
• Why are fullerenes useful as industrial catalysts?

  They have a large surface area to volume ratio
• What are nano tubes?

  Tiny tubes made from carbon
• Why are nano tubes used in electronics?

  Because of their ability to conduct electricity
• How do nano tubes strengthen materials like tennis racket frames?

  By adding strength without adding much weight
• What is the first fullerene made?

  Buckminsterfullerene
• What is the formula for Buckminsterfullerene?

  C$_{60}$
• What is the field of technology that uses tiny structures like fullerenes called?

  Nanotechnology
• In which industries is nanotechnology being used?

  Medicine, batteries, food, and fashion
• What are the main uses of graphene and fullerenes?

  • Electronics (conduct electricity)
  • Drug delivery systems (cage around drugs)
  • Industrial catalysts (large surface area to volume ratio)
  • Strengthening materials (e.g., tennis racket frames)
  • Nanotechnology applications
• What are the characteristics of graphene and fullerenes that make them useful in various applications?

  • Graphene: strong, conducts electricity, made of hexagons
  • Fullerenes: hollow shapes (spheres/tubes), large surface area to volume ratio