Neutralisation Reactions

• What types of bases are included in the reactions with acids discussed in the video?

  Metal oxides, metal hydroxides, and metal carbonates
• What is formed when an acid reacts with a metal oxide or hydroxide?


  A salt and water
• If hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium oxide, what salt is produced?

  Sodium chloride
• In the reaction between sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide, what is the resulting salt?

  Potassium sulfate
• What is the general pattern for neutralization reactions between acids and bases?

  The negative ion from the acid combines with the positive ion from the base to form a salt, and water is always produced.
• What additional product is formed when acids react with metal carbonates?

  Carbon dioxide
• When nitric acid reacts with calcium carbonate, what is the resulting salt?

  Calcium nitrate
• Why do we need two calcium ions to combine with one nitrate ion in the reaction between nitric acid and calcium carbonate?

  Because calcium has a 2+ charge and nitrate has a 1- charge.
• What is the first step to make a soluble salt using an insoluble base?

  Place some dilute acid in a beaker and gently heat it.
• What happens when you add insoluble base to the dilute acid during the reaction?

  It will keep disappearing as it reacts until the base is in excess.
• What should you do when you notice that some of the base is no longer disappearing during the reaction?

  Stop adding more base, as it indicates that the acid has been neutralized.
• What is the purpose of filtering the mixture after the reaction?

  To remove the excess insoluble base from the dissolved salt solution.
• After filtering the solution, what is the next step to obtain pure solid crystals of the salt?

  Gently heat the filtered solution to evaporate off some of the water.
• Why should you avoid using a Bunsen burner to heat the solution too much?

  To prevent damaging the salt during the heating process.
• What happens when you leave the solution to cool after evaporating some water?

  More crystals will form as the solution cools.
• What is one method to dry the crystals after filtering them out?

  Dabbing them with filter paper or leaving them somewhere warm.
• What are the steps to make a soluble salt using an insoluble base?

  1. Place dilute acid in a beaker and gently heat it.
  2. Add insoluble base gradually until it is in excess.
  3. Filter out the excess base.
  4. Evaporate some water from the solution to form crystals.
  5. Allow the solution to cool to form more crystals.
  6. Filter and dry the crystals.
• What are the products of the reaction between an acid and a metal carbonate?

  • Salt
  • Water
  • Carbon dioxide
• What is the general outcome of neutralization reactions between acids and bases?

  • Formation of a salt
  • Production of water