Extraction of Metals and reduction

• What is the main topic of today's video?

  The separation of metals from their oxides.
• What does oxidation refer to?

  Oxidation refers to the process of gaining oxygen.
• What happens when magnesium is combined with oxygen?


  Magnesium is oxidized to form magnesium oxide.
• What is reduction in terms of oxygen?

  Reduction is the loss of oxygen.
• What occurs when magnesium oxide is broken down?

  Magnesium is reduced back to magnesium and oxygen.
• Why do most metals oxidize when exposed to oxygen?

  Because they are fairly reactive with oxygen.
• What is rust commonly known as?

  Iron oxide.
• Why do unreactive metals like gold often exist as pure metals?

  Because they are too unreactive to react with oxygen.
• What is the most common bonding element for metals?

  Oxygen.
• What is the process used to remove oxygen from metal oxides?

  Reduction.
• How can metal oxides be reduced to obtain pure metals?


  By reacting them with carbon.
• What does carbon do in the reduction process of metal oxides?

  Carbon takes the oxygen from the metal to form carbon dioxide.
• What is the reaction of copper oxide with carbon?

  Copper oxide plus carbon reacts to form copper plus carbon dioxide.
• Why can't all metals be reduced using carbon?

  Only metals that are less reactive than carbon can be reduced this way.
• What is the process called for extracting more reactive metals?

  Electrolysis.
• What is the drawback of using electrolysis for metal extraction?

  It requires a lot of energy and is expensive.
• What are iron ores?

  Metal-rich compounds from which metals can be extracted.
• What is the most common iron ore?

  Fe₂O₃ (iron oxide).
• How do we isolate pure iron from iron oxide?

  By reducing iron oxide with carbon.
• What is the balanced equation for the reduction of Fe₂O₃ with carbon?

  Fe₂O₃ + C → Fe + CO₂.
• What is required to facilitate the reduction of iron oxide with carbon?

  Heat.
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