Factors affecting the rate of reaction

• What are the factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions?

  Temperature, concentration or pressure, surface area, and the presence or absence of a catalyst
• What is the theory behind chemical reactions known as?

  Collision theory
• According to collision theory, what must happen for particles to react?

  Particles must collide with each other with sufficient energy
• What is the term for the minimum energy required for a successful collision?


  Activation energy
• What happens if particles collide with less energy than the activation energy?

  They will bounce apart without reacting
• What two main factors determine the rate of a chemical reaction?

  The amount of energy the particles have and the frequency of the collisions
• How does an increase in temperature affect the rate of reaction?

  It increases the energy of the particles, leading to more frequent and energetic collisions
• Why do concentration and pressure affect the rate of reaction?

  They increase the number of particles per unit of volume, leading to more frequent collisions
• What does a higher surface area do to the rate of reaction?

  It increases the rate of reaction by allowing more collisions to occur
• How does the form of magnesium affect its reaction with acid?

  Powdered magnesium has a higher surface area, leading to a higher rate of reaction
• What is the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

  To speed up the reaction without being used up
• How does a catalyst affect activation energy?

  A catalyst lowers the activation energy by providing an alternative reaction pathway
• What is the significance of the distance between the reactants' energy level and the top of the reaction profile curve?

  It represents the activation energy required for the reaction
• What are some common sources of catalysts?

  Transition metals like cobalt and nickel
• What are enzymes in the context of catalysis?

  Enzymes are catalysts made by living organisms
• What are the four main factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions?

  • Temperature
  • Concentration or pressure
  • Surface area
  • Presence or absence of a catalyst
• How do temperature, concentration, pressure, and surface area affect the rate of reaction?

  • Increase the energy of particles
  • Increase the frequency of collisions
  • Result in more successful collisions