Chemistry

• What are the pHs of acids?

  pH 0-6
• What are the pHs of Alkalis?

  pH 8-14
• What are the pHs of neutral substances?

  pH 7
• What colours do acids turn with universal indicator?

  Red or Orange
• What colours do Alkalis turn with universal indicator?

  Blue or purple
• What colour do neutral substances turn with universal indicator?

  Green
• Which ions do solutions of acid contain?

  H+
• Which ions do solutions of alkalis contain?

  OH-
• What is produced when acids react with metals?

  Salt and Hydrogen
• What do metals need to be more reactive than to react with acids?

  Hydrogen
• What is the test for hydrogen?

  Hold a lit splint in some gas, if it burns with a squeaky pop it is hydrogen
• What can acids be reacted with to neutralise them?

  Bases, alkalis and carbonates
• What can you react together to make copper sulfate

  copper oxide/ hydroxide and sulfuric acid
• What is a base?

  A metal oxide or hydroxide (Solid)
• What do you call a base that is dissolved in water?

  alkali
• Which method can you use to find the exact quantities needed for neutralisation using acids and alkalis?

  Titration
• What is the ionic equation for neutralisation?

  H+(aq) + OH-(aq) -> H2O(l)
• What is a test for a carbonate and the result?

  Add acid, the result is you will see bubbles
• What test is used to identify sulfate ions? what's the result and the ionic equation?

  add Barium chloride White precipitate Ba2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) -> BaSO4(s)
• What types of salts are formed from hydrochloric, sulfuric and nitric acids?

  Carbonates, Sulfates and Nitrates
• Why is excess copper oxide put in in the first stage of making copper oxide?

  To ensure all the acid has reacted
• What do you call a substance that is one colour in acids and another in alkalis?

  Indicator
• Which indicator do you use during titration?

  Phenolphthalein
• What colour is Phenolphthalein in alkalis and what colour does it change to?

  Pink, Pink->colourless
• What does soluble mean?

  Will dissolve
• How can you form crystals of a salt from a solution?

  Evaporation off a windowsill or Bunsen burner
• What are the chemical formulas of hydrochloric, sulfuric and nitric acids?

  HCl, H2SO4, HNO3
• What is the formula for copper sulfate?

  CuSO4
• What does aq mean?


  aqueous (dissolved in water)
• What is produced when you react an acid with a carbonate?

  Salt, water, and carbon dioxide
• What do you get if you react an acid with a base or alkali?

  salt and water
• What is the test for Carbon dioxide gas?

  Bubble through limewater ~ goes milky
• What are the acronyms for the reactions to make soluble salts?

  MASH, BASW, AASW, CASCW
• What is MASH short for?

  Metal + Acid --> Salt + Hydrogen
• What is BASW short for?

  Base + Acid --> Salt + water
• What is AASW short for?

  Alkali + Acid --> Salt + Water
• What is CASCW short for?


  Carbonate + Acid --> Salt + Carbon dioxide + Water