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Nitrogen cycle
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Cards (12)
What are the three cycles that are constantly being recycled in nature?
Nitrogen
,
carbon
, and water cycles
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Why can't nitrogen gas in the atmosphere be used directly by plants or animals?
Because
nitrogen
gas is very
unreactive
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How do plants obtain nitrogen?
Plants get their nitrogen from the
soil
in the form of
nitrates
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What role do decomposers play in the nitrogen cycle?
Decomposers break down proteins and urea into ammonia, returning nitrogen to the soil
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What is
nitrogen fixation
?
Nitrogen fixation is the process of turning
nitrogen gas
from the air into nitrogen compounds in the
soil
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What are the two main ways nitrogen fixation occurs?
Lightning
: Energy from lightning makes nitrogen react with oxygen to form
nitrates.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
: These bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen compounds in the
soil.
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What are the four types of bacteria involved in the nitrogen cycle?
Decomposers
, nitrifying bacteria,
nitrogen-fixing
bacteria, and denitrifying bacteria
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What do nitrifying bacteria do in the nitrogen cycle?
Nitrifying bacteria turn
ammonium ions
in
decaying matter
into nitrates
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What is the role of denitrifying bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?
Denitrifying bacteria turn
nitrates
back into
nitrogen gas
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Where are denitrifying bacteria commonly found?
Denitrifying bacteria are often found in
waterlogged soils
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Why are legume plants effective at putting nitrogen back into the soil?
Because they have
nitrogen-fixing bacteria
in nodules on their
roots
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What is the mutualistic relationship between legume plants and nitrogen-fixing bacteria?
The bacteria receive
sugars
from the plant.
The plant receives
nitrogen
compounds from the bacteria to make
proteins.
This relationship benefits both the plant and the
bacteria.
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