Unit 4

• Where did Nike locate their factories?

  Vietnam
• What are the push factors for Nike's factories in Vietnam?

  • Weak economy
  • Reliance on children for labor
  • Long working hours (10-14 hours)
  • Poor wages
• What are the pull factors for Nike's factories in Vietnam?

  • Employee regulations
  • $36 more than minimum wage per month
  • Opportunities for management positions
• How many people have internally migrated to urban areas in China since the 1980s?

  240 million
• Which cities in China have the highest population densities?

  Shanghai and Hong Kong
• What are the employment sectors for migrant workers in China?

  • 44% in manufacturing
  • 28% in construction
• What are the push factors for internal migration in China?

  • Poor access to education
  • Boredom with village life
  • Desire for freedom from parents
• What are the pull factors for internal migration in China?

  • Media presentation
  • Luxuries
  • On-the-job training
  • Increased demand for cheap labour
• What is the Hukou system and its impact on migrants in China?

  • Controls access to services for migrants
  • Divides people into rural and urban residents
  • Leads to "left behind" children
  • Contributes to increased crime in rural areas
• How many people were part of the "floating population" in China in 2010 due to the Hukou system?


  Over 200 million
• What are the conditions in shanty towns resulting from the Hukou system?


  • Poor air quality
  • Disease-ridden
  • High levels of crime
• What was the budget for the shanty town renovation project in 2017?


  $81 billion
• How many households were affected by the shanty town renovation project in 2017?


  230 000 households
• How many cars were on the roads of Beijing in 2003?


  2 million
• How many cars were on the roads of Beijing in 2017?


  6 million
• What was China's GDP in 2013?


  $1.95 billion
• What percentage of family income was accounted for by remittances in 2003?


  18%