Paper 3 - Weimar and nazi germany

• What were the major challenges faced by post-World War I Germany?

  Harsh penalties from the Treaty of Versailles, economic crisis, and political instability
• How did the Weimar Republic struggle after its establishment?

  It faced weak democratic traditions, frequent changes in government, and rising extremist movements
• What conditions in post-WWI Germany created a fertile ground for radical ideologies?

  - Harsh penalties from the Treaty of Versailles - Economic crisis with hyperinflation - Political instability in the Weimar Republic - Weak democratic traditions - Popularity of extremist movements
• When did Adolf Hitler join the German Workers' Party?

  In 1919
• What was the original name of the Nazi Party?

  The German Workers' Party
• When did Hitler become the leader of the Nazi Party?

  In 1921
• What were key aspects of Hitler's early political activities?

  Charismatic public speaking, anti-Semitic and nationalist rhetoric, and the Beer Hall Putsch
• What was the Beer Hall Putsch?

  A failed coup attempt by Hitler in 1923
• What did Hitler write while imprisoned after the Beer Hall Putsch?

  Mein Kampf
• How did the Nazi Party's status change in the late 1920s?

  It gained support and moved from being a fringe group to a more significant political force
• What was the unemployment rate in Germany by 1932 due to the Great Depression?

  Nearly 30%
• What were the effects of the Great Depression on Germany?

  Massive unemployment, economic instability, political turmoil, and a rise in extremism
• What strategies did Hitler and the Nazi Party employ to gain support?

  Effective propaganda, scapegoating, promises of economic revival, paramilitary organizations, and exploitation of democratic processes
• What was one of the key propaganda techniques used by Hitler?

  Using mass media with simple slogans and powerful imagery
• Who appointed Hitler as Chancellor of Germany?

  President Hindenburg
• What was the significance of the Reichstag Fire?

  It was used as a pretext to suspend civil liberties
• What did the Enabling Act allow Hitler to do?

  It gave Hitler's cabinet legislative powers, effectively ending democracy in Germany
• What happened after the death of President Hindenburg?

  Hitler combined the roles of Chancellor and President, becoming Führer und Reichskanzler
• What were the key events that led to Hitler's consolidation of power?

  1. Appointment as Chancellor 2. Reichstag Fire 3. Enabling Act 4. Death of Hindenburg 5. Banning of other political parties 6. Night of the Long Knives 7. Establishment of totalitarian control
• What was the outcome of the Night of the Long Knives?

  It purged opposition within the Nazi Party and consolidated Hitler's power
• How did the events from 1933 to 1934 transform Germany's political landscape?

  They transformed Germany from a democracy into a dictatorship under Hitler's rule
• Who was Gustav Stresemann?


  Gustav Stresemann was a German politician who served as Chancellor in 1923 and Foreign Minister from 1923 to 1929.
• What role did Stresemann play in post-World War I Germany?

  He played a crucial role in stabilizing Germany and improving its international relations.
• What was the approach of Stresemann's policies?

  His approach was pragmatic and focused on cooperation rather than confrontation.
• What was the Rentenmark Plan?


  The Rentenmark Plan was Stresemann's first major initiative to address Germany's economic crisis, implemented in 1923 to combat hyperinflation.
• What currency did the Rentenmark Plan introduce?

  The Rentenmark Plan introduced a new currency called the Rentenmark.
• What backed the Rentenmark?

  The Rentenmark was backed by land and industrial goods, not gold.
• What did the Rentenmark replace?

  The Rentenmark replaced the old, worthless Papiermark.
• What was the exchange rate set for the Rentenmark?

  The Rentenmark was set at a rate of 1 Rentenmark = 1 trillion Papiermarks.
• What was the impact of the Rentenmark Plan on the German economy?

  The Rentenmark Plan helped stabilize prices and restore confidence in the German economy.
• What was the Dawes Plan?

  The Dawes Plan was an agreement introduced in 1924 to address Germany's reparation payments and economic recovery.
• What was a direct result of the Dawes Plan?

  A direct result of the Dawes Plan was the French withdrawal from the Ruhr region.
• What were the key aspects of the Dawes Plan?

  The Dawes Plan restructured reparations, provided a 900 million mark loan, set up a payment schedule, allowed Germany to return to the gold standard, and required France to withdraw from the Ruhr region.
• What were the Locarno Treaties?

  The Locarno Treaties were a series of agreements signed in 1925 aimed at normalizing relations between Germany and other European nations.
• What did Germany agree to in the Locarno Treaties?

  Germany accepted its western borders with France and Belgium in the Locarno Treaties.
• Who acted as guarantors in the Locarno Treaties?

  Britain and Italy agreed to act as guarantors in the Locarno Treaties.
• What was the significance of the Locarno Treaties for Germany?

  The Locarno Treaties improved Germany's relations with France and Belgium and accepted Germany as an equal partner in negotiations.
• What was a limitation of the Locarno Treaties?

  The Locarno Treaties did not address Germany's eastern borders.
• What was significant about Germany's entry into the League of Nations?

  Germany's entry into the League of Nations in 1926 was a significant diplomatic achievement for Stresemann.
• What was a key benefit of Germany joining the League of Nations?

  Joining the League of Nations as a permanent member of the Council gave Germany equal status with other major powers.