eukaryotic cells

• What is the main topic of the video presented by Miss Cestric?

  Eukaryotic cells for A-level biology
• What are the organelles that need to be known for the topic of eukaryotic cells?

  • Cell surface membrane
  • Nucleus
  • Mitochondria
  • Chloroplasts
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Vesicles
  • Lysosomes
  • Ribosomes
  • Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
  • Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
  • Cell wall
  • Cell vacuole
• What is the function of the cell surface membrane?

  It controls what can enter and exit the cell.
• What is the structure of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?

  It has ribosomes on its surface, making it appear rough.
• What is the role of ribosomes in the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

  They are the site of protein synthesis.
• What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?


  It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.
• What are lysosomes and their function?

  Lysosomes are sacs of digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.
• What is the primary function of mitochondria?

  They are the site of aerobic respiration, producing ATP.
• What is the structure of mitochondria?

  They have a double membrane with the inner membrane folded into cristae.
• What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomes?

  Eukaryotic ribosomes are larger (80S) compared to prokaryotic ribosomes (70S).
• What is the function of vacuoles in plant cells?

  They provide structural support and store substances like sugars and amino acids.
• What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?

  Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.
• What is the structure of chloroplasts?

  They have a double membrane and contain thylakoid membranes stacked into grana.
• What is the composition of the plant cell wall?

  The plant cell wall is made up of cellulose.
• What is the function of the cell wall?

  It provides structural strength to the cell.
• What is the structure of the plasma membrane?

  It consists of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.
• What is the role of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?

  Cholesterol helps to stabilize the membrane's fluidity.
• What are the functions of the organelles in eukaryotic cells?

  • Nucleus: Site of DNA replication and transcription.
  • Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum: Site of protein synthesis.
  • Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum: Synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates.
  • Golgi Apparatus: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids.
  • Lysosomes: Digestive enzymes for waste breakdown.
  • Mitochondria: Site of aerobic respiration.
  • Ribosomes: Protein synthesis.
  • Vacuoles: Structural support and storage.
  • Chloroplasts: Site of photosynthesis.
  • Cell Wall: Provides structural strength.
  • Plasma Membrane: Controls entry and exit of substances.