(14) Case Study

• What percentage of the UK population was recorded as non-white in the 2021 census?

  8%
• Which city in the UK is noted as the most ethnically diverse?

  London
• How many linguistic groups are approximately present in London?

  Approximately 200 linguistic groups
• What is a notable characteristic of the population in Brent, North West London?

  65% of the population were born overseas
• What are the main factors contributing to ethnic diversity in the UK?

  • Historical migration patterns (colonial and post-colonial)
  • Economic migration from Commonwealth nations
  • Contemporary migration trends (EU and global migration)
  • Refugees and asylum seekers
• What historical events contributed to the ethnic diversity in the UK?

  Colonial and post-colonial migration
• What was the impact of the annexation of the British Isles on ethnic diversity?

  It resulted in minimal ethnic diversity due to similar ethnic backgrounds
• How did colonialism contribute to ethnic diversity in the UK?

  Many people from former colonies migrated to the UK
• How many soldiers did India provide during World War I?

  1. 3 million soldiers
• What was the significance of the Empire Windrush in 1948?

  It brought the first wave of West Indian immigrants to Britain
• What did the British Nationality Act of 1948 accomplish?

  It granted citizenship to people from the Commonwealth
• How many West Indians migrated to Britain by 1958?

  125,000 West Indians
• What industries did immigrants from India and Pakistan work in during the 1960s?

  Clothing factories and textile mills
• What religious diversity was created by immigrants from India and Pakistan?

  Hinduism and Islam in a predominantly Christian country
• Where did immigrant communities often settle in the UK?

  In inner-city areas
• How many Ugandan Asians arrived in Britain in 1972?

  80,000 Ugandan Asians
• What was the reason for the migration of Ugandan Asians to Britain in 1972?

  Expulsion by Idi Amin
• What were the recent waves of migration from Eastern Europe to the UK?

  • Significant wave of migration post-EU expansion
  • 2004–2006 peak: 427,000 migrants registered
  • 265,000 migrants from Poland
  • Other notable countries: Lithuania, Latvia, Slovakia
• How have asylum seekers contributed to ethnic diversity in the UK?

  They bring differences in ethnicity, nationality, culture, language, and religion
• What is currently the most significant factor in creating diversity in the UK?

  International migration
• What types of international migration contribute to present-day diversity in the UK?

  • Labour migration (e.g., from Eastern Europe)
  • Asylum seekers (e.g., from Africa, Asia)