Brain Structure

• Lobes: Specific locations in each hemisphere of the brain; there are 8 lobes, 4 in each hemisphere

  A) parietal

  B) Occipital

  C) Temporal

  D) Frontal

  
• Key terms

  • Lesion: Damage
  • Plasticity: Brain's malleability
  • Corpus callosum: Dense, connect hemispheres
  • Limbic system:
  • Emotional behaviour
  • Olfactory bulb, amygdala, cingulate gyrus, hypothalamus + hippocampus
  • Periaqueductal grey matter (PAG):
  • Link amygdala + hypothalamus to PFC
  • Pain, defensiveness + stress response
  • Amygdala:
  • Emotion + motivation
  • Cause automatic, e.g. aggression
  • Hypothalamus:
  • Homeostasis + hormones
  • E.g. testosterone, Male aggression
  • Prefrontal cortex (PFC):
  • Most anterior
  • Link to amygdala + hypothalamus
  • Damage = aggression + impulse control issues
• Brain structure

  • Brain localisation:
  • Brain regions got roles
  • Medulla (breathe)
  • Cerebellum (movement + coordination)
  • Hypothalamus (hunger, sleep, libido + hormones)
  • Brain lateralisation:
  • Structural/functional differences between hemispheres
  • Some functions even distributed
  • Left speech, analysis, time + sequences
  • Right creativity, patterns, spatial awareness + context
  • Lobes:
  • Specific locations in each hemisphere
  • 8 lobes, 4 in each hemisphere
  • Frontal, temporal, parietal + occipital
  • Aggressive animal
  • Offensive (attack)
  • Defensive (perceived threat)
  • Predatory (for food/territory)