Motivation

• Internal motivation

  drive to perform comes from within

  participation in an activity is for their own sake and personal satisfaction.

  e.g. going for a run because you find it relaxing
• How can a coach develop internal motivation?

  • Aim for the performer to gain success
  • make practices enjoyable
  • varied approach to maintain interest
  • set goals to keep performer motivated
• extrinsic motivation

  Drive to perform comes from external sources

  performance is completed for rewards

  e.g. going for a run and being paid for it
• Arousal

  • The ‘energised state’ of the ‘readiness for action’ that motivates us to behave in a particular way
  • represents the intensity of behaviour
  • motivation is related to the intensity and direction of behaviour
• Physiological arousal (somatic)

  A response that occurs as a result of interactions with their environment
• psychological arousal (cognitive)

  Feelings of vigor, energy and tension
• Positives of arousal

  • Enhances sport performance in an optimal level of arousal
  • beneficial in psyching up athletes
• Negatives of arousal

  • Muscles will tense
  • coordination decline
  • step into anxiety
  • may not feel up to the task
• Drive theory

  The drive theory suggests that as an individuals arousal levels increase, performance will increase.

  disadvantage- not accurate as doesn't cater for decline

  example- a boxer continuing to increase arousal levels to improve strength, concentration and aggression

  
• Inverted U theory

  As an athletes arousal level increases, the performance will gradually increase to the point if optimum performance. If arousal continues to increase past this performance will decrease.

  
• Catastrophe theory

  Arousal increases until it suddenly drops. In order for performance to remain high the somatic arousal must be high and cognitive arousal should be low. If cognitive arousal becomes high ‘catastrophe’ will occur.

  strengths- most accurate theory

  disadvantages- hard to explain