The Munich Putsch and the Nazi Party, 1923–28

• What were the key events of the Munich Putsch in 1923?

  1. Hitler and 600 SA members burst into a beer hall, confronted Kahr and Lossow - then made mistake of letting them go
  2. Hitler declared he was taking over Bavaria and shot gun into ceiling
  3. Attack on the streets of Munich led to gunfire
  4. Hitler was arrested after hiding in a friend's house
• What happened on 9th November 1923 during the Munich Putsch?

  Hitler, Lundendorff, and supporters launched an attack on the streets of Munich.
• What was the result of the confrontation between Hitler's group and the state police during Munich Putsch?

  • Both groups opened fire, resulting in 14 Nazis and a policeman dead
  • Hitler dislocated his shoulder and was taken away in a waiting car
• What was the date of the Munich Putsch?

  November 8-9, 1923
• Armistice

  A temporary agreement to stop fighting between warring parties, usually to negotiate a permanent peace treaty.
• Treaty

  A formal agreement between nations to establish lasting peace or regulate relationships.
• Why did Nazis suffer in Mid 1920s?

  Weimar republic was succeeding
• How did the number if Nazi members change between 1925-29?

  27,000 to 130,000
• What were the main ideas of Mein Kampf?

  • Aryan race to rule the world
  • Overthrowing democracy
  • Lebensraum
• What new propaganda techniques did Josef Goebbels develop for Nazis?

  • Posters - show Hitler as a strong leader
  • Speeches - arranged in public places
  • Rallies - held to capture people’s enthusiasm
• Who were the Schutzstaffel (SS)?

  originally established as Adolf Hitler's personal bodyguard unit
• Why were the SS created + leader?

  While Hitler was in prison SA became loyal to Rohm

  >Hitler replaced Rohm + created SS

  Leader = Hienrich Himmler
• Aftermath of Munich Putsch

  • Hitler put on trial, charged with treason
  • found guilty, sentenced to five years in prison, released after nine months
  • Hitler used trail to express Nazi ideology
  • Wrote Mein Kampf in prison
• Was the Munich Putsch a fail for the Nazis?

  Yes, in the short term

  • Hitler in prison, Nazi party banned until 1927

  No, in the long term

  • Hitler wrote Mein Kampf
  • Judge was so lenient with the sentence, Hitler had served so little time suggests sympathy
  • Reorganised Nazi party
• What were some of the causes for the Munich Putsch?

  • Hyperinflation peaked, 1923
  • Mussolini, Italy dictatorship
  • Anger at Treaty of Versailles - "stab in the back"
  • Stresemann called of passive resistance
• Why was Hitler influenced by Mussolini?

  1922, Mussolini lead right wing fascist party into overthrowing democracy + set up dictatorship