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intro to medchem
carb acids
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Cards (10)
methanoic acid
IUPAC name:
methanoic acid
common name:
formic acid
occurs in:
ant
and
bee stings
propanoic acid
IUPAC name:
propanoic acid
common name:
propionic acid
occurs in:
dairy products
butanoic acid
IUPAC name:
butanoic acid
common name:
butyric acid
occurs in:
rancid butter
benzoic acid
aromatic
carboxylic acid
common names for prefixes
ortho:
1,2
location
meta:
1,3
location
para:
1,4
location
alpha hydroxy acids
AHAs
occur naturally in fruit, milk and sugarcane
are used in skin care products
preparation of carboxylic acids
prepared by oxidising primary alcohols or aldehydes
oxidation of ethanol produces ethanoic acid (acetic acid)
boiling points
higher boiling points than
alcohols
,
ketones
and
aldehydes
of similar mass
form
dimers
in which
hydrogen
bonds form between two
carboxyl
groups
solubility in water
1-4
carbon atoms very
soluble
in water
forms
hydrogen
bonds with many
water
molecules
acid dissociation
weak
acids
exist mostly as
molecules
and a few
ions
in
aqueous
solutions
have
small
Ka values
salts of carboxylic acids
formed when a carboxylic acid is
neutralised
by a
strong
base
used as
preservatives
and
flavour
enhancers
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