carb acids

    Cards (10)

    • methanoic acid
      IUPAC name: methanoic acid
      common name: formic acid
      occurs in: ant and bee stings
    • propanoic acid
      IUPAC name: propanoic acid
      common name: propionic acid
      occurs in: dairy products
    • butanoic acid
      IUPAC name: butanoic acid
      common name: butyric acid
      occurs in: rancid butter
    • benzoic acid
      • aromatic carboxylic acid
      common names for prefixes
      • ortho: 1,2 location
      • meta: 1,3 location
      • para: 1,4 location
    • alpha hydroxy acids
      • AHAs
      • occur naturally in fruit, milk and sugarcane
      • are used in skin care products
    • preparation of carboxylic acids
      • prepared by oxidising primary alcohols or aldehydes
      • oxidation of ethanol produces ethanoic acid (acetic acid)
    • boiling points
      • higher boiling points than alcohols, ketones and aldehydes of similar mass
      • form dimers in which hydrogen bonds form between two carboxyl groups
    • solubility in water
      • 1-4 carbon atoms very soluble in water
      • forms hydrogen bonds with many water molecules
    • acid dissociation
      • weak acids
      • exist mostly as molecules and a few ions in aqueous solutions
      • have small Ka values
    • salts of carboxylic acids
      • formed when a carboxylic acid is neutralised by a strong base
      • used as preservatives and flavour enhancers
    See similar decks