Active transport: Cell biology

• Active transport


  The movement of substances against a concentration gradient using energy

  
• Diffusion


  The movement of substances from a higher concentration to a lower concentration

  
• Concentration gradient


  The difference in concentration of a substance

  
• Against the concentration gradient

  The movement of substances from a lower concentration to a higher concentration

  
• Mineral ions


  Charged particles needed for healthy plant growth

  
• Sugar molecules


  Molecules needed for cell respiration
• Cell respiration


  The release of energy from molecules
• Root hair cells

  Plant cells which use active transport to absorb mineral ions

  
• Cells lining the gut

  Animal cells which use active transport to absorb sugar molecules

  
• Active process


  A process that requires energy

  
• Passive process


  A process such as diffusion or osmosis that does not require energy

  
• Dilute mineral ions

  The mineral ion concentration found in the soil

  
• Concentrated mineral ions

  The mineral ion concentration found in plant tissues

  
• Mitochondria


  Where energy is released from respiration and can be used for active transport