The Blue Planet

• Sublimation

  • Phase transition of matter from solid to gas without passing through the liquid phase
• Transpiration

  • Process by which water moves from land to the atmosphere, typically through plants
• Percolation

  • The downward movement of water through soul and porus rock
• Condensation

  • Phase transition from gas to liquid
• Salinity

  • The salt content present water
• Wetlands

  • Land areas that are either covered or saturated with water, generally shallower than rivers
• Eutrophication

  • Gradual increase of nutrients pike phosphorus and nitrogen in an aging ecosystem
  • Can lead to an increase in plant life and can decrease oxygen levels
• Algal bloom

  • High concentration of algae in a water body
  • Also known as a red tide
• Marine ecosystem

  • Aquatic environments with high salinity such as oceans and seas
• Freshwater ecosystem

  • Ecosystems that include rivers, streams, lakes, reservoirs, and artificial ponds
• Aquatic ecosystem

  • Broad category including any water-based ecosystem such as lakes, rivers, wetlands, and freshwater systems
• Sunlight

  • The main source of energy driving the water cycle
• THE WATER CYCLE

  1. EVAPORATION & TRANSPIRATION
  2. CONDENSATION
  3. PRECIPITATION
  4. PERCOLATION & COLLECTION
• Water has the greatest influence on living organisms.
• Hydrologic cycle

  • Continuous circulation of water among oceans, air, and land
• Runoff

  • Water that moves across the surface of the land and enters bodies of fresh water
• Aquifer

  • A porous underground reservoir/layer
• Unconfined aquifer

  • Found near the surface
  • The upper layer of the soil where the soil or rocks are permanently soaked with water
• Recharge zone

  • An area very far from the confined aquifer that does not have an impermeable layer
• Potable water

  • Also known as unpolluted water
• FOUR CATEGORIES OF THE USE OF WATER:

  1. DOMESTIC
  2. AGRICULTURAL
  3. INDUSTRIAL
  4. IN-STREAM
• Off-stream use

  • Refers to the domestic, agricultural, and industrial uses of water that require removal from its
• In-stream use

  • Does not divert water from its source
• Water pollution

  • Contamination of bodies of water broughy about mostly by human activities
• Point source

  • Pollutants come from an identifiable source
• Nonpoint source

  • Examples are pesticides and fertilizers
  • Are more difficult to trace
• Transboundary pollution

  • When pollution comes from a flowing source and reaches other places
• 4 TYPES OF POLLUTION

  • AGRICULTURAL
  • MUCNIC
  • INDUSTRIAL
  • THERMAL
• Marine pollution

  • Pollution in seas often caused by oil spills which can result in fish kills and other marine life destruction
• Groundwater pollution

  • Contamination of underground water sources like reservoirs or aquifers
• Agricultural pollution

  • Caused by runoff from farms using fertilizers