Protein Synthesis

• What is the first stage of protein synthesis called?

  Transcription
• What happens during the transcription stage of protein synthesis?

  The base sequence of the gene is copied into a complementary template molecule (mRNA)
• What molecule is formed during transcription?

  mRNA
• Where does the mRNA go after it is formed during transcription?

  The mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm
• What is the second stage of protein synthesis called?

  Translation
• What occurs during the translation stage of protein synthesis?

  The messenger molecule attaches to a ribosome
• How are amino acids brought to the ribosome during translation?

  Amino acids are brought to the ribosome on carrier molecules (tRNA)
• What does the ribosome do with the triplet of bases on the mRNA during translation?

  The ribosome reads the triplet of bases on the mRNA to join together the correct amino acids in the correct order
• What are the main stages of protein synthesis?

  1. Transcription:

  • Base sequence of the gene is copied into mRNA
  • mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

  1. Translation:

  • mRNA attaches to a ribosome
  • Amino acids are brought to the ribosome by tRNA
  • Ribosome reads mRNA triplets to assemble amino acids in order