8Q1 Sci

• Newton' 2nd Law of Motion 


  Law of Acceleration - Acceleration is directly proportional to the force and is inversely proportional to the mass.
• Law of Acceleration

  a = F/m
• Newton's 3rd Law of Motion


  Law of Interaction/Law of Action and Reaction - For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
• Action and Reaction forces do not cancel each other. They act on separate bodies
• Action and Reaction forces act simultaneously.
• Action and Reaction forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction.
• Work


  Product of the force and displacement in the direction of the force.
• Work

  Work = ForcexDisplacement or W=Fd
• If an object does not move after you exert a force on it, there will still be no work.
• Work with an angle

  Work = Force x cos of angle x distance

  W = Fcos ° d
• If the angle between force and displacement is 90 ° , the work done is 0.
• Potential Energy


  Energy possessed by an object by virtue of its position
• Potential Energy

  Potential Energy = Mass x Gravity x Height

  PE = mgh
• Kinetic Energy


  Energy present in moving objects
• Kinetic Energy

  Kinetic Energy = 1/2mass x speed^2

  KE = 1/2mv^2
• All moving objects have kinetic energy.
• Objects at rest do not have kinetic energy
• Moving objects can both have potentials and kinetic energy at the same time
• Sound


  Produced by vibrationss
• Wave


  Any form of disturbance that carries energy from one place to another.
• Mechanical Wave 


  Requires a medium for transmission
• Sound Wave


  An example of a mechanical wave
• Electromagnetic Waves


  Does not require a medium for transmission
• Transverse


  Direction of the particles is perpendicular to the direction of the motion of the wave's propagation
• Longitudinal


  Direction of the particles is parallel to the direction of the motion of the wave's propagation
• Surface


  Particles travel in circular motion
• Compression


  Part of the wave where molecules are compressed or where there are shorter wavelenghts
• Rarefaction


  Part of the wave where molecules are spread out or stretched
• High temperature = Faster travel of sound

  Lower temperature = Lower travel of sound
• Speed of sound = 331 meters per second + (0.6 meters/sC)Temperature

  $v =$$331m/s +$$(0.6 m/sC)T$