Endocrine system

• What is the endocrine system composed of?

  The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce and secrete hormones.
• What do hormones regulate in the body?

  Hormones regulate the body's growth, metabolism, and sexual development and function.
• Name three glands of the endocrine system.

  Hypothalamus, Pituitary Gland, Thyroid.
• What is the role of hormones in the endocrine system?

  Hormones are chemical messengers that regulate the activity of cells or organs.
• What is the function of the pituitary gland?

  The pituitary gland controls several other hormone glands and produces hormones that regulate many functions of other endocrine glands.
• What are the two parts of the pituitary gland called?

  The anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary.
• Where is the pituitary gland located?

  The pituitary gland sits in a bony hollow called the pituitary fossa, behind the bridge of the nose and below the base of the brain.
• What hormones does the anterior pituitary produce?

  The anterior pituitary produces growth hormone, gonadotrophins, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin, and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH).
• What hormone does the posterior pituitary produce?

  The posterior pituitary produces anti-diuretic hormone (ADH).
• What is the main distinction between the adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla?

  The adrenal cortex produces steroid hormones, while the adrenal medulla produces catecholamines like adrenaline.
• What does cortisol regulate?

  Cortisol regulates metabolism and the body's response to stress.
• What does adrenaline regulate?

  Adrenaline regulates the body's fight-or-flight response.
• What are the main functions of testosterone?

  Testosterone is responsible for facial hair, deepening voice, sexual function, sperm production, and muscle growth.
• What are the key components of the endocrine system?

  • Glands that produce hormones
  • Hormones that regulate bodily functions
• What are the functions of the pituitary gland?

  • Controls other hormone glands
  • Produces hormones such as:
  • Growth hormone
  • Gonadotrophins
  • Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
  • Prolactin
  • Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
  • Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)
• What are the effects of hormones on the body?

  • Control major bodily functions
  • Influence hunger, reproduction, emotions, and mood
  • Regulate growth, metabolism, and sexual development
• Major glands include:

  • Hypothalamus
  • Pineal Gland
  • Pituitary Gland
  • Thyroid
  • Parathyroid
  • Thymus
  • Adrenal
  • Pancreas
  • Testes
  • Ovaries
• Homeostasis - The ability of the body to maintain a constant internal state
• Negative feedback - A mechanism by which a system regulates itself
• Endocrine organs release hormones into the bloodtreams which are carried to cells in target organs.
• What system works alongside the endocrine system to control vital functions in the body?

  Nervous system
• How does the endocrine system contribute to the body's functions?

  It controls vital functions in the body
• What are the main components of the endocrine system?

  • Glands
  • Hormones
• What is the primary role of hormones in the endocrine system?

  To regulate various functions in the body
• In what way does the endocrine system interact with the nervous system?

  It works alongside the nervous system to control vital functions