chem yr11 w practical keywords (unorganised)

    Subdecks (10)

    Cards (726)

    • What types of bases are included in the reactions with acids discussed in the video?
      Metal oxides, metal hydroxides, and metal carbonates
    • What is formed when an acid reacts with a metal oxide or hydroxide?

      A salt and water
    • If hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium oxide, what salt is produced?
      Sodium chloride
    • In the reaction between sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide, what is the resulting salt?
      Potassium sulfate
    • What is the general pattern for neutralization reactions between acids and bases?
      The negative ion from the acid combines with the positive ion from the base to form a salt, and water is always produced.
    • What additional product is formed when acids react with metal carbonates?
      Carbon dioxide
    • When nitric acid reacts with calcium carbonate, what is the resulting salt?
      Calcium nitrate
    • Why do we need two calcium ions to combine with one nitrate ion in the reaction between nitric acid and calcium carbonate?

      Because calcium has a 2+ charge and nitrate has a 1- charge.
    • What is the first step to make a soluble salt using an insoluble base?
      Place some dilute acid in a beaker and gently heat it.
    • What does the pH scale measure?
      The acidity or alkalinity of a solution
    • What is the pH value of a neutral solution?
      pH 7
    • What does a pH value less than 7 indicate?
      The solution is acidic
    • How does the strength of an acid relate to its pH value?
      The lower the pH, the stronger the acid
    • What does a pH value greater than 7 indicate?

      The solution is alkaline or basic
    • How does the strength of an alkali relate to its pH value?
      The higher the pH, the stronger the alkali
    • What does the pH scale measure?
      The acidity or alkalinity of a solution
    • What is the pH value of a neutral solution?
      pH 7
    • What does a pH value less than 7 indicate?
      The solution is acidic
    • How does the strength of an acid relate to its pH value?
      The lower the pH, the stronger the acid
    • What does a pH value greater than 7 indicate?

      The solution is alkaline or basic
    • How does the strength of an alkali relate to its pH value?
      The higher the pH, the stronger the alkali
    • What happens to the H<sup>+</sup> concentration as the pH decreases by one unit?
      It increases by a factor of 10
    • What is an alkali?
      A base that dissolves in water
    • What do acidic solutions release in solution?
      Hydrogen ions, H<sup>+</sup>
    • What characterizes a strong acid?
      It completely dissociates to release H<sup>+</sup> ions in aqueous solution
    • Name three examples of strong acids.
      Hydrochloric, nitric, and sulfuric acids
    • What characterizes a weak acid?
      It partially dissociates to release H<sup>+</sup> ions in aqueous solution
    • Name three examples of weak acids.
      Ethanoic, citric, and carbonic acids
    • What do alkali solutions contain?
      Hydroxide ions, OH<sup>-</sup>
    • What characterizes a strong base?

      It fully dissociates to release OH<sup>-</sup> ions in aqueous solution
    • Name two examples of strong bases.
      Sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide
    • What characterizes a weak base?

      It partially dissociates to release OH<sup>-</sup> ions in aqueous solution
    • Name two examples of weak bases.
      Ammonia and ammonium hydroxide
    • What is the general reaction of a dilute acid with a metal?
      Acid + metalsalt + hydrogen
    • What does the reactivity of the metal affect in the reaction with dilute acid?

      The reaction depends on the reactivity of the metal
    • What is the general equation for neutralization reactions?
      Acid + alkalisalt + water
    • What is produced when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate?

      Salt, water, and carbon dioxide
    • What are the three types of neutralization reactions?
      1. Acid + alkali → salt + water
      2. Acid + base → salt + water
      3. Acid + metal carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide
    • What determines the salt produced in a reaction?
      It depends on the acid used and the positive ions in the base, alkali, or carbonate
    • What is the reaction of hydrogen ions with hydroxide ions in neutralization?
      H<sup>+</sup> (aq) + OH<sup>-</sup> (aq) → H<sub>2</sub>O (l)
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