Respiratory

• Upper respiratory tract refers to structures rostral to the larynx while the lower respiratory tract refers to structures caudal to the larynx.
• Careful questioning about housing, management, feeding and seasonal patterns is important to identify disease trends. Equine asthma is most commonly associated with dust from housing, and bedding or feed with dust and spores, such as straw and hay.
• the maxillary and frontal sinuses communicate
• label the image

  A) ventral nasal conchae

  B) dorsal nasal conchae

  C) dorsal nasal meatus

  D) middle nasal meatus

  E) ventral nasal meatus

  
• TMPS can not penetrate pus well