key words + events/concepts

• What does Gleichschaltung refer to in Nazi Germany?

  Hitler's attempt to bring German society into line with Nazi philosophy
• What was the German Labour Front (DAF) established to replace?

  Trade Unions
• What was Dachau known for?

  It was the first concentration camp
• What change occurred in the centralization of Germany under Nazi rule?

  Germany was run from Berlin alone instead of being divided into districts called Lander
• What does the term "purge" mean in the context of Nazi Germany?

  To get rid of opposition
• Who headed the Gestapo?

  Hermann Göring
• What was the Night of the Long Knives?

  It was the removal of internal and external opposition
• What was the Sicherheitsdienst (SD)?

  The intelligence body of the Nazi Party
• What was the Concordat agreed upon in July 1933?

  The Pope agreed to stay out of political matters if the Nazis did not interfere with Catholic affairs
• Who were the Eidelweiss Pirates and Swing Youth?

  Groups who opposed the Hitler Youth
• What was the Confessional Church's stance during the Nazi regime?

  It followed traditional German Protestantism and refused to allow the Nazification of religion
• Who led the Confessional Church?

  Pastor Martin Niemöller
• What was the content of the letter "Mit Brennender Sorge" (With Burning Concern)?

  The Pope wrote to priests in Germany about his concerns over the Nazi attempts to control religion
• What type of government did Hitler establish in Germany?

  Legal dictatorship
• What methods did Hitler use to persuade the German people to support Nazi ideals?

  Propaganda and censorship
• When did Hitler become Chancellor of Germany?

  January 1933
• What significant event occurred in February 1933?

  The Reichstag Fire
• How many seats did the Nazis win in March 1933?

  288 seats
• What was the purpose of the Enabling Act passed in March 1933?

  To give Hitler the power to enact laws without the Reichstag's approval
• When did the Nazis become the only legal party in Germany?

  July 1933
• What event is referred to as the Night of the Long Knives?

  The purge of political rivals in June 1934
• What happened in August 1934 regarding President Hindenburg?

  He died
• What title did Hitler assume after combining the roles of Chancellor and President in August 1934?

  Fuhrer
• What significant action did the German army take in August 1934?

  Swore allegiance to Hitler
• How many army generals did Hitler remove from their positions in 1938?

  16 army generals
• What were the key concepts of Nazi control and dictatorship from 1933 to 1934?

  • **Removal**: Hitler removed all opposition and established himself as Fuhrer.
  • **Control**: Attempted to control and influence attitudes through propaganda and terror.
  • **Opposition**: Youth and churches opposed the regime.