UNIT 3.1_Science and Technology in Nation Building

• The state of science and technology determines part of the socio-economic progress of country. It is a well-known fact that national progress is highly correlated to the capacity of the country to produce local industrial goods for domestic needs and that industrialization is very much dependent on the capacity of a country to use science and technology to progress locally-found raw materials into high-tech products and tools for households and other users.
• Modernization - is the current term for an old process—the process of social change whereby less developed societies acquire characteristics common to more developed societies. The process is activated by international, or inter-societal, communication.
• 4 Types Of Developing Countries.

  • Newly Industrialized Countries
  • Frontier Markets
  • Emerging Markets
  • Least Developed Countries
• It is estimated by the World Bank that seven of the ten largest economies of the world by 2020 would be in Asia, China, Japan, India, Thailand, Indonesia, South Korea, and Taiwan.
• In the 1987 Philippine constitution, Science and technology are given priority to "foster patriotism and

  nationalism, accelerate social progress, and promote

  total human liberation and development. In section 10, Article XIV, it is stated that "Science and technology are essential for national development and progress.
• The government mandates an "increase use of scientific and technological breakthroughs. " The government aims to do this by "promoting and accelerating technology adoption" and stimulating innovation." It is based on the Philippine Development Plan 2017-2022.
• Department of Science and Technology - This agency established to "provide central guidance, leadership, and coordination of research and technical activities and ensure that the findings from such activities are directed and used in areas of full economic and social benefits for the people." It is composed of three (3) sectoral planning councils, seven (7) research, and development institutes, two (2) collegial bodies, six (6) service institutes, and several regional and provincial offices
• Major Development Programs and Personalities in

  Science and Technology in the Philippines

  • Balik Scientist Program
  • Order of National Scientist
  • Small and Medium Enterprise Technology Upgrading Program (SETUP)
  • Grants-In-Aid Program
  • Forest Products Research and Development Institute
  • Philippine Nuclear Research Institute
  • Project NOAH (Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards)
  • Philippine-California Advanced Research Institutes (PCARI) Project
  • Philippine Space Program
• The Science and Technology Agenda for National Development (STAND) spells out the areas which will be the focus of scientific and technological efforts in 1993 to 1998. It is a part of a series of measures that shall be pursued to realize the vision of Philippines 2000 which is to make the Philippines a newly industrializing country (NIC) by the end of the century.
• Role of Science and Technology

  • Poverty Alleviation
  • Affordable Energy
  • Water Supply
  • Education
• Impact of Technology in Society

  • Technology has improved transportation.
  • Technology has improved communication.
  • The World Wide Web.
  • Technology has improved education and learning process.
• The Harmonized National Research & Development Agenda - (HNRDA)
• The HNRDA is organized into 5 sectors:

  1. National Integrated Basic Research Agenda
  2. Health Research and Development Agenda
  3. Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources
  4. Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology
  5. Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation
• Department of Science and Technology (DOST)- the lead agency responsible for the preparation of Harmonized R&D Agenda.
• National Research Council of the Philippines (NRCP) – agency compose of four thousand researchers, scientists and experts who are tasked to promote and support basic researches in the country.
• Philippine Council for Health Research and Development (PCHRD)– agency mandated as the national coordinating body for health researches in the country.
• Philippine Council for Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology Research and Development (PCIEERD) – the agency which aims to strengthen support in research and development, development of human resource and institution, diffusion of information and technology, and development of policies.
• Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)– the agency which evaluates and harmonizes the agenda for disaster risk reduction and climate adaptation. It is also responsible for relaying messages to people about the existence of danger and what can be done to prevent or minimize danger.
• Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)– collaborate with PHIVOLCS in evaluating and finalizing the agenda for disaster risk reduction and climate change. This agency is also responsible for giving typhoon signals and tsunami alert to warn people of the things to be done for their safety.
• Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research Development (PCAARRD)– agency which conducts a roundtable consultation with the representative from other agencies doing R&D functions in agriculture, aquatic and natural resources.