Math

• What is the formula for the discriminant in a quadratic equation?


  b² - 4ac
• What does the discriminant indicate about the roots of a quadratic equation?

  It helps to find the "nature" of the roots.
• What does it mean if the discriminant is greater than 0?

  There are two real and distinct roots.
• What does it mean if the discriminant equals 0?

  one real root.
• What does it mean if the discriminant is less than 0?

  There are no real roots.
• What is Pythagoras' Theorem?

  c² = a² + b²
• In which type of triangle is Pythagoras' Theorem used?

  In right-angled triangles.
• How is Pythagoras' Theorem used to find a missing side length?

  By rearranging the formula to solve for the unknown side.
• What does the Converse of Pythagoras' Theorem state if c² = a² + b²?

  The triangle is right-angled.
• What does the Converse of Pythagoras' Theorem state if c² ≠ a² + b²?

  The triangle is not right-angled.
• What is the formula for calculating the mean?

  • Mean = Total / How many
• What is the formula for the Interquartile Range (IQR)?

  IQR = Q3 - Q1
• What do Q3 and Q1 represent in statistics?

  Q3 is the upper quartile and Q1 is the lower quartile.
• How do you calculate appreciation or depreciation using a calculator?

  • Formula: original amount × (percentage multiplier)ⁿ
• What is the formula for the area of a rectangle?

  Area = l x b
• What is the formula for the area of a parallelogram?

  Area = b x h
• What is the formula for the area of a kite or rhombus?

  Area = ½ x d₁ x d₂
• What is the formula for the area of a trapezium?

  Area = ½ (a + b) x h
• What is the formula for the area of a triangle?

  Area = ½ x b x h
• What is the formula for the area of a circle?

  Area = πr²
• What is the formula for the circumference of a circle?

  Circumference = 2πr
• What is the formula for arc length?

  Arc Length = θ/360 x 2πr
• What is the formula for the area of a sector?

  Sector Area = θ/360 x πr²
• What is the square root of a?

  √a = a½
• What does a⁻ⁿ equal?

  a⁻ⁿ = 1/aⁿ
• What is the formula for dividing indices?

  aᵐ/aⁿ = aᵐ⁻ⁿ
• What is the formula for multiplying indices?

  aᵐ x aⁿ = aᵐ⁺ⁿ
• What is the formula for a power of a power?

  (aᵐ)ⁿ = aᵐⁿ
• What is the result of √a x √b?

  √a x √b = √ab
• What is the result of √a/√b?

  √a/√b = √(a/b)
• What is the result of √(a x b)?

  √(a x b) = √a x √b
• What are the first ten square numbers?

  1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100
• What is the formula for the gradient of a straight line?

  m = (y₂-y₁)/(x₂-x₁)
• What is the equation of a straight line?

  y = mx + c
• What does 'm' represent in the straight line equation?

  'm' represents the gradient
• What does 'c' represent in the straight line equation?

  'c' is where the line crosses the y-axis
• What are the key facts and formulae to memorize for the National 5 Maths Exam?

  • Area & Perimeter
  • Volume & Surface Area
  • Quadratic equations
  • Pythagoras' Theorem
  • Angle properties
• What is the volume formula for a cuboid?

  V = l x b x h
• What is the volume formula for a prism?

  V = A x h
• What is the volume formula for a cylinder?

  V = πr²h