Catatonia

• What disorders can catatonia be seen in?

  Depression

  Bipolar disorder

  Schizophrenia
• What is catatonia?

  Psychomotor syndrome
• What are the 2 types of catatonia?

  Retarded catatonia

  Excited catatonia
• What is retarded catatonia?

  Characterised by immobility, mutism, staring and rigidity
• What is excited catatonia?

  Less common

  Patients develop prolonged periods of psychomotor agitation
• What are the signs & symptoms of catatonia?

  Catalepsy (pt keeping an uncomfortable, rigid and fixed posture despite external stimulus or resistance)

  Waxy flexibility

  Rigidity

  Stupor (extreme hypoactivity, minimal response to stimuli, including painful ones)
• What are the Inx that should be done in catatonia?

  FBC

  U&E

  Creatinine

  LFT

  TFT

  Glucose

  Ca+2

  D-dimer

  Serum creatine kinase (nephrotic malignant syndrome)

  Serum ceruloplasmin (Wilson's disease)

  Urinalysis

  EEG

  CT/MRI (exclude intracranial lesions)
• What is the treatment for catatonia?

  Benzodiazepines