3 The Global Interstate System

• THE GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM

  It is the system of human interaction which it is

  focused on the modern world system where the

  competing and allying nations are structured

  politically.
• The belief that globalization imposes a forced choice upon states

  either to conform to free market principles or run the risk of being

  left behind is termed into a phrase called “Golden Straitjacket” by

  Thomas Friedman, a neoliberalism journalist and advocate, to

  illustrate the forcing of states into policies that suit the preferences

  of investment houses and corporate executives (Electronic Herd)

  who swiftly move money and resources into countries favored as

  adaptable to the demands of international business and withdraw

  even more rapidly from countries deemed uncompetitive.
• Neoliberalism

  It is the intensification of the influence and

  dominance of capital. It is the elevation of

  capitalism as a mode of production into an

  ethic, a set of political imperatives, and a

  cultural logic. It is a project to strengthen,

  restore, or, in some cases, constitute anew

  the power of economic elites.
• Economic Sovereignty

  It is the power or national governments to

  make decisions independently of those made

  by other governments. ØIn a globalized

  world economy, governments have no

  alternative but to adopt neoliberal economic

  policies of privatization, deregulations, and

  reductions in public expenditures.
• ECONOMIC INTEGRATION

  It is a process and a means by which a group of countries strives to

  increase their levels of welfare

  It is an arrangement between different regions that often includes the

  reduction or elimination of trade barriers, and the coordination of

  monetary and fiscal policies.
• SEVEN STAGES OF ECONOMIC INTEGRATION

  1. Preferential trading area (PTA)

  Happens when there is an agreement on

  reducing or eliminating tariff barriers on

  selected goods imported from other

  members of the countries within the

  geographical region or areas.
• SEVEN STAGES OF ECONOMIC INTEGRATION

  2. Free trade area

  Eliminate import tariffs as well as import

  quotas between signatory countries.

  These agreements can be limited to a

  few sectors or can encompass all

  aspects of international trade.
• SEVEN STAGES OF ECONOMIC INTEGRATION

  3. Customs union

  Removal of tariff barriers between

  members, together with the acceptance of

  a common or unified external tariff against

  non-members. Single payment or duty is

  made by countries exporting to customs

  union. Goods inside the union can move

  freely with no additional tariffs
• SEVEN STAGES OF ECONOMIC INTEGRATION

  4. Common market

  Removal of tariff barriers between

  members, together with the acceptance of

  a common or unified external tariff against

  non- members is involved here. all barriers

  are eliminated to allow the free movement

  of goods, services, capital, and labor.
• SEVEN STAGES OF ECONOMIC INTEGRATION

  5. Economic union

  An agreement between two or more

  nations to allow goods, services, money

  and workers to move over borders

  freely.
• SEVEN STAGES OF ECONOMIC INTEGRATION

  6. Economic and monetary union

  Involves a single economic market, a

  common trade policy, a single currency

  and a common monetary policy.
• SEVEN STAGES OF ECONOMIC INTEGRATION

  7. Complete Economic Integration

  Involved in complete economic

  integration are single economic market, a

  common trade policy, a single currency, a

  common monetary policy, together with a

  single fiscal policy, including common tax

  and benefit rates or the complete

  harmonization of all policies, rates, and

  economic trade rules.
• TRANSNATIONAL ACTIVISM

  It is a social movements and other society organizations

  and individuals operating across state borders. It also

  refers to the the coordinated international campaigns on

  the part of networks of activists against international

  actors, other states, or international institutions.
• SOCIAL MOVEMENT

  A social movement is a type of group action.

  It refers to the organizational structures and strategies that may empower

  oppressed populations to mount effective challenges and resist the more

  powerful and advantaged elites"

  .

  They are large, sometimes informal, groupings of individuals or organizations

  which focus on specific political or social issues.

  They carry out, resist, or undo a social change and provide a way of social

  change from the bottom within nations
• GLOBAL JUSTICE MOVEMENT

  It describes the loose collection of individuals and groups often referred

  to as a “movement of movements”, who advocate fair trade rules and

  are negative to current institutions of global economics such as the

  World Trade Organization.

  It is a social and political movement that advocates for fairer global

  economic and social systems.
• SOCIAL MEDIA AND THE STATE

  In large organizations, social media are often supported because the technology

  can help foster the sense of a “digital village” where individuals are able to “see”

  the lives of others within their organization and feel closer to them. Social media

  are used commercially as a key mode for product exposure and messaging