physics paper 2

• What are vector quantities?

  Force, velocity, displacement, acceleration, momentum
• What are scalar quantities?

  Speed, distance, mass, temperature, time
• What is weight?

  The force acting on an object due to gravity
• What is the equation for weight?

  Mass x gravitational field strength
• What is the gravitational field strength for Earth?

  9.8N/Kg
• What is a resultant force?

  Overall force acting on an object
• When a force moves an object through a distance, what happens to the energy?

  Energy is transferred and work is done on the object
• What is the equation for work done?

  Force x distance
• Why do you need more than one force stretch, compress or bend an object?

  The object would move in the direction of the applied force instead of changing shape if there was only one force
• What is the equation for force?

  Spring constant x extention
• How do you know if an object is elastically deformed?

  It goes back to its original shape and length once force is removed
• How do you investigate springs (PRACTICAL)?

  1. Measure natural length of spring 2. add a marker 3. add mass to spring and allow it to come to rest 4. record mass and measure new length 5, repeat with different masses
• What is the equation for elastic potential energy?

  0.5 x spring constant x extension squared
• What is the equation for distance travelled?

  Speed x time
• What is acceleration?

  Change in velocity over a period of time
• What is the equation for acceleration?

  change in velocity / time
• What is a uniform acceleration?

  A constant acceleration
• What is the equation for uniform velocity?

  Final velocity - initial velocity = 2 x acceleration x distance
• What is drag?

  The resistance you get in fluid
• What does Newton's First Law state?

  A resultant force is needed to make something start moving, speed up or slow down
• What type of proportional is the force and acceleration?

  Directly
• What type of proportional is acceleration to the mass of an object?

  Inversely
• What is the equation for Newton's Second Law?

  Resultant force = acceleration x mass
• What is Newton's Second Law useful for?

  Forces in everyday transport
• What is inertia?

  Tendency for motion to remain unchanged
• What does an object's intertial mass measure?

  How difficult it is to change the velocity of an object
• What does Newton's Third Law state?

  When two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite
• How to investigate motion (PRACTICAL) Newton's second law?

  1. Trolley holds card with gap in the middle 2. Connect trolley to string that goes over pulley and connected to other side of hook 3. Weight will provide accelerating force 4. Mark starting line 5. Hold on starting line and release 6. Record acceleration by light gate
• What is the equation for momentum?

  Mass x velocity