Cognitive approach

• What are internal mental processes?

  Private processes that occur during thinking, studied scientifically - indirectly, using inferences

  .
• Internal mental processes examples

  Perception, attention and memory
• What are inferences?

  Making an assumption about mental processes based on behaviour that can be observed and measured.
• What is schema?

  Mental framework of beliefs and expectations that influence cognitive processing. - develop through experience.
• Theoretical models explanation

  Visual representation of simplified internal mental processes - uses inferences shown through diagrams/ flow charts.
• Theoretical models examples

  Multi- store model of memory- flow chart of sequence of stages ( input, storage and retrieval)
• Computer models explanation

  Human mind compared to computer- suggests similarities in computer / brain processing information.
• Computer models example

  Analogy of long- term memory as hard disk and short - term / working memory as RAM
• What is cognitive neuroscience?

  Scientific study of biological structures underpinning cognitive processes
• When and why did cognitive neuroscience emerge as a separate disciple?

  Late 20th century - new and non-invasive brain scanning techniques (eg MRIs)
• Findings of cognitive neuroscience research

  Hippocampus associated with episodic memory, temporal lobe associated with semantic memory