Rest of the brain

• What percentage of the brain is made of fat?

  60%
• What is the remaining percentage of the brain made of?

  Water, protein, carbohydrates, and salts
• What types of cells are contained in the brain?

  Neurons and glial cells
• What are the main functions of the hindbrain?

  Breathing and heartbeat regulation
• What is the upper and outermost part of the brain responsible for?

  Thinking and memory
• What are the gross anatomy components of the brain?

  • Cerebrum
  • Brainstem
  • Cerebellum
• How do the left and right hemispheres of the brain process information differently?

  The left hemisphere breaks down information into simple parts, while the right hemisphere processes it in a holistic way
• What is the cerebrum primarily made of?

  Grey matter on the outside and white matter at the center
• What are some functions of the cerebrum?

  Speech, thinking, reasoning, emotions, learning, vision, hearing, and touch
• What connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord?

  The brainstem
• What are the components of the brainstem?

  • Midbrain
  • Pons
  • Medulla
• What happens if the brainstem is damaged?

  It can lead to permanent coma
• What is the function of the midbrain?


  It processes functions like hearing, movement, and reflex responses
• What is the substantia nigra known for?

  It is rich in dopamine neurons
• What role does the pons play in the brain?

  It is the origin of 4 of the 12 cranial nerves and enables functions like tear production and chewing
• Where is the medulla located?

  At the bottom of the brainstem where the brain meets the spinal cord
• What are some functions regulated by the medulla?

  Heart rhythm, breathing, blood flow, and reflexive activities like sneezing and vomiting
• What extends from the bottom of the medulla?

  The spinal cord
• Where is the cerebellum located?

  At the back of the head below the temporal and occipital lobes and above the brainstem
• What is the primary function of the cerebellum?

  To coordinate muscle movements and maintain posture, balance, and equilibrium