2021

• Which of the following statements regarding morphemes is true?


  There may be more than one morpheme within a word
• Language in Wernicke’s aphasic patients:

  is impaired mainly in the patient’s ability to understand language
• What do isolated children like Genie, adult learners of a new language, and Broca's aphasics have in common with respect to language?

  trouble using closed-class words
• When two sentences have the identical surface structure but differ in their underlying (deep) structure, we have

  ambiguity
• Which of the following is NOT a function word?

  car
• Tom is almost 2-years old. Whenever he wants to go outside he points to the door and says door. Which of the following best describes his use of the word door?

  He is using the word door as a holophrase
• Billy is two-years old and is just learning to form simple sentences. His mother frequently adjusts her language to adapt to Billy's level of language development. Billy's mother would be described as engaging in

  child-centred talk
• . A TV satellite weather map that shows cloud cover and the outlines of bodies of water could be called a(n) __________ representation.

  analogical
• One likely reason that incubation helps in reaching a solution to a problem is that:


  it helps break a mental set
• More people die in motorcycle accidents than in plane crashes. If George sees the report of a plane crash on TV days before he intends to fly to Christchurch, and then decides to ride his motorcycle instead, he is making an error due to:

  . the availability heuristic
• Both Sternberg's triarchic theory and Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences:

  include abilities beyond those needed for good school performance
• Which of the following is an accurate statement about intelligence?

  Early interventions can make a small but significant long-term increase in intelligence scores
• Dr Spock wants to measure whether infants’ reaction to the visual cliff task changes over time. He recruits a group of 6-month-olds, a group of 10-month-olds, and a group of 14-month-olds to take part. His study is best described as _____________ and _____________.

  cross-sectional; observational
• One day, Lucy realises that a horse is not really a “big doggie” but actually a type of animal called a “horse.” This is an example of:

  accommodation
• According to Piaget, why do preschool children fail to conserve?

  They can’t interrelate different dimensions of an experience
• A mother hides a toy from view after her 12-month-old son has observed it. The infant will probably:

  search for the toy in the last place he found it
• According to Kohlberg, morality during the conventional level is marked by:

  the understanding that rules help maintain social order
• According to Kohlberg’s view of moral development;

  the earliest form of moral reasoning tends to be based on fears of punishment or the desire for personal gain
• You overhear a mother tell her young son that “boys shouldn’t be nurses.” This statement is best described as a:

  gender stereotype
• Which of the following statements is true?

  In Gandelman, vom Saal, and Reinisch’s (1977) study looking at hormone exposure from “neighbours” in utero, prenatal exposure to female hormones
• Which of the following claims about children’s drawings is supported by the literature?

  When children are asked to draw and tell about an emotional event, their drawings provide additional event details
• Butler, Gross, and Hayne (1995) examined the effect of drawing on children’s reports about a trip to the fire station. Which of the following measured variables showed a difference between children in the “tell” condition and children in the “draw and tell” condition?

  The amount of information that children provided in the free recall phase
• Which of the following statements about children’s testimony is FALSE?

  Children are less suggestible when interviewed by a high-authority interviewer than when interviewed by a low-authority interviewer.
• The main problem with Huesman et al.’s (1984) study linking boys’ preference for violent TV with criminal activity is that:

  a third factor might influence both of the variables
• . A young man robs a dairy and is sent to jail. According to Rousseau this is because

  society has likely failed him.
• According to the course textbook, Freud believed that dreams can provide the

  royal road to the Unconscious.
• The information presented in lectures suggests that Charles Whitman’s violence may be best explained through the fact that he

  had a brain tumor.
• Based on Table 13.1 in the course textbook, a woman with strong repressed desires to have an affair who accuses her partner of being unfaithful is using the defence mechanism of

  Projection.
• Unobtrusive Measure


  A type of measurement technique used to assess attitudes without directly asking participants about their feelings or opinions
• . Latane and Darley’s research suggests that in a laboratory setting participants


  are less likely to offer help when others are present.
• Fear works best to change attitudes when the message provides

  a feasible, low cost way to reduce the threat.
• Jackie likes a photo of his face when it is photo reversed (i.e., the way it looks when he sees it in the mirror). Ted, however, prefers a normal photo of Jackie. The difference in these preferences can best be explained through

  Repeated exposure.
• Walster et al. found that the extent to which someone liked a partner on a blind date was based on

  their levels of arousal.
• In the Milgram studies obedience was greatest when the

  learner was out of sight.
• One study found that people who agreed to take part in an experiment on prison life were

  more authoritarian.
• The Robbers Cave studies suggest that when teams compete at the Olympics

  this will encourage intergroup hostility
• . The Stroop colour-naming demonstrates a major point about thinking. What is it?

  Highly learned skills can result in interference.
• In the Categorical Perception lab, it was found that:

  Phonemes were perceived categorically, and non-speech tones were not
• . In the Group Behaviour Lab, participants were expected to make internal attributions for in-group _______________, whereas they were expected to make more external attributions for out-group _______________ .

  success; failure