Exogenic processes

• Exogenic Processes

  • responsible for degradation and sculpting the Earth's surface
  • very destructive
• Types of Exogenic Processes:

  • Weathering
  • Mass wasting
  • Erosion
• Two types of weathering:

  • Mechanical
  • Chemical
• Weathering refers to...

  process of disintegration and decomposition of rocks.
• Mechanical weathering

  Physical changes only.
• Factors of Mechanical weathering:

  1. Pressure - when rocks are exposed by uplift, they break and crack.
  2. Temperature - expansion (heat) and contraction (cold) weakens its structure.
  3. Frost wedging - water enters the rock, freezes, and breaks the rock.
  4. Abrasion - impact and friction.
  5. Organic activity - roots from trees can break rocks
  6. Human activity - digging, quarrying, denuding forests, cultivating land.
  7. Burrowing animals - excavation of animals for habitation.
• Chemical weathering

  Changes in the rock's composition.
• Factors of Chemical weathering:

  • Dissolution - dissolved by water
  • Hydrolysis - water reacts and breaks down chemical bonds, which forms clay minerals.
  • Oxidation - oxygen reacts with minerals (rusting).
• The separation and removal of weathered rocks is...

  Erosion
• Agents of Erosion:

  • Ice
  • Water
  • Wind
  • Gravity
• Mass wasting is...

  the movement of rock and soil down a slope due to gravity.
• Mass wasting is triggered by:

  • over-steepened slopes
  • water
  • earthquakes
  • vegetation removal
• Identify the class of Mass wasting

  A) Slump

  
• Identify the class of Mass wasting

  A) Solifluction

  
• Identify the class of mass wasting

  A) Earth flow

  
• Identify the class of Mass wasting

  A) Mudflow

  
• Identify the class of Mass wasting

  A) Debris slide

  
• Identify the class of Mass wasting

  A) Debris flow

  
• Identify the class of Mass wasting

  A) Rockfall

  
• Identify the class of Mass wasting

  A) Soil creep