L2 - What is a Disorders?

• What is a disorder?


  A disorder is a condition characterized by psychological factors, distress or impairment, and atypical responses.
• What are the core features of anxiety disorders?


  • Infrequency
  • Deviance
  • Distress
  • Disability
  • Danger
• What does 'infrequency' refer to in the context of disorders?


  Infrequency refers to behaviors that are not commonly observed.
• How is 'deviance' defined in relation to disorders?


  Deviance refers to behaviors that are not considered typical and are culturally defined.
• What does 'distress' mean in the context of disorders?


  Distress refers to the suffering experienced by the individual or others.
• What does 'disability' indicate in the context of a disorder?


  Disability refers to the degree of impairment experienced, which differs by individual.
• What does 'danger' refer to in the context of disorders?


  Danger refers to the degree of risk to self, others, or property.
• What are the three components usually present in a disorder?

  The three components are a psychological factor, distress or impairment, and an atypical response.
• What classification systems are used for disorders?

  The DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 are used for classifying disorders.
• Why is regular updating important in classification systems?


  Regular updating is important to reflect changes in understanding and to include NOS categories.
• What is the purpose of classification systems in mental health?


  Classification systems provide a common language and support evidence-based practice.
• What is the difference between categorical and dimensional approaches in classification?


  Categorical approaches classify disorders into distinct categories, while dimensional approaches view disorders on a spectrum.

  
• What percentage of people experience anxiety disorders?


  Anxiety disorders are experienced by 28% of people.
• What are the associated issues with anxiety disorders?

  Anxiety disorders are associated with distress, disability, and danger.
• What is the focus of the video about Tia?


  The video focuses on Tia's experience of anxiety when starting university.
• What are the costs of anxiety mentioned in the study material?


  The costs of anxiety include distress, impacts on physical health, and social and occupational functioning.
• How is anxiety defined?

  Anxiety is future-focused and involves an anticipated threat.
• How does fear differ from anxiety?


  Fear is present-focused and involves an immediate threat, while anxiety is future-focused.
• What are the components of anxiety?

  • Cognitive: Thoughts and worries
  • Physiological: Heart, stomach, sweating
  • Behavioral: Avoidance
• What is the fight or flight response?


  The fight or flight response is an automatic reaction to a threat involving the sympathetic nervous system.
• What are the physiological effects of the fight or flight response?


  The physiological effects include heart racing and slowed digestion.
• What percentage of adults will meet the criteria for one disorder in their lifetime?

  25-29% of adults will meet the criteria for one disorder at some point in their life.
• What negative outcomes are associated with anxiety disorders?

  Anxiety disorders are associated with negative health outcomes, reduced social functioning, and distress that is out of proportion.
• What are some causes of anxiety disorders?


  Causes of anxiety disorders include learning processes, cognitive factors, genetics, neurobiology, and personality.
• What is the importance of differential diagnosis in anxiety disorders?


  Differential diagnosis involves careful assessment to identify comorbid disorders and culture-specific anxiety.
• How can anxiety be managed?

  • Focus on skills
  • Address thoughts, beliefs, and behaviors that reinforce anxiety
• What should students be able to do after today's lecture?

  Students should be able to define a disorder, differentiate between major anxiety disorders, and consider cultural influences on anxiety.