Explanation

• What is cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)?


  It is a method for treating mental disorders based on cognitive and behavioural techniques.
• What is the primary aim of CBT from a cognitive perspective?


  To deal with thinking, such as challenging negative thoughts.
• What is the most commonly used psychological treatment for depression?

  Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT).
• How many sessions do patients typically meet with a therapist in CBT?


  Between 5 to 20 sessions.
• What is the duration of each CBT session?


  Between 30 to 60 minutes.
• What is the first step in the CBT process?


  An assessment where the patient and therapist clarify the patient’s problems.
• What do the patient and therapist identify during the assessment phase of CBT?


  They identify goals for therapy and make a plan to achieve them.
• What is one of the central tasks of CBT?


  Identifying negative or irrational thoughts.
• What does CBT involve after identifying negative thoughts?


  Working to change these thoughts and implement more effective behaviours.
• What are the two main techniques used by CBT therapists?


  Beck’s cognitive therapy and Ellis’s rational emotive behaviour therapy.
• What is the aim of Beck’s cognitive therapy?


  To identify and challenge automatic negative thoughts.
• What is the negative triad in Beck's cognitive therapy?


  It consists of negative thoughts about the world, self, and future.
• What is the purpose of homework in Beck's cognitive therapy?


  To help patients test the reality of their negative beliefs.
• What does the 'Patient as a scientist' concept involve?


  Clients proving or disproving their hypotheses about their beliefs.
• How does a therapist use recorded evidence in CBT?


  To disprove the patient's negative statements about events.
• What does REBT stand for?


  Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy.
• What does the ABCDE model in REBT include?


  It includes Dispute (D) and Effect (E) in addition to the ABC model.
• What is the central technique of REBT?


  To identify and dispute irrational thoughts.
• What is an example of an irrational belief that a REBT therapist might challenge?


  'I am worthless unless I am competent at everything I try.'
• What is the hallmark of REBT?


  A vigorous argument to change irrational beliefs.
• What is the purpose of empirical argument in REBT?


  To dispute whether there is actual evidence to support the negative belief.
• What is the goal of behavioural activation?


  To decrease avoidance and isolation while increasing engagement in mood-improving activities.
• How do depressed individuals typically respond to difficult situations?


  They tend to increasingly avoid difficult situations and become isolated.
• What role does the therapist play in behavioural activation?


  The therapist aims to reinforce activities that improve mood.