Mammalian respiratory system
Cards (21)
- Nasal passage
- Large surface area with rich blood supply
- It has hairs and a lining that secrets mucous
- Filters out dust, pollen
- Mouth
- Air moves in or out through the mouth
- Doesn't warm or clean air same way as nose
- Larynx
- Voice box
- Uses the air that passes through to the vocal cords which make sound to speak
- Pharynx
- Muscular tube in the middle of the neck
- Makes air warm and humidifies it before it gets to the lungs
- Helps to swallow food by widening and closing the muscle
- Bronchi
- What the trachea splits into carries air to the lungs
- Supported by cartilage rings
- Lined with cilia
- Move mucous, dirt and pathogens from lungs
- Trachea
- Biggest airway
- Held open by incomplete cartilage
- Lined with cells carrying cilia
- Heats to move the mucous to throat where swallowed
- Mucous traps bacteria & dirt from air and keeps it from the lungs
- Bronchioles
- Smaller tubes
- No cartilage support
- No cilia
- Branches out becoming smaller until reaches the alveoli
- Alveoli
- Tiny air sacs
- Large surface area
- Gaseous exchange takes place
- Intercostal muscle
- Contract and relax to move the rib cage during breathing movements
- Diaphragm
- A muscle
- Fibrous sheet
- Divides the thorax (chest cavity) from abdomen
- Important in breathing movements
- Air
- Moistened through cilia and mucous
- Cilia
- Small hairs that beat repeatedly
- Goblet cells
- Produce mucous
- Inhalation- ( inspiration)
- Exhalation - ( expiration)
- Gase exchange work by simple diffusion
- Diffusion
- Movement of gases from a high area of concentration to a low area of concentration
- Oxygen concentration is higher in the alveoli
- Oxygen concentration is lower in the capillaries
- Inhalation
- Diaphragm contracts and flattens
- Intercostal muscles contract and enlarge the chest cavity
- Exhalation
- Diaphragm relaxes and curves upwards
- Intercostal muscle relax and fall decreasing the volume of the ribs