Cells

• Name 5 parts of an animal cell

  Cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosome, nucleus, cytoplasm
• Name 6 parts of a bacterial cell

  Cell membrane, bacterial DNA, cell wall, cytoplasm, plasmid, flagellum
• Name 8 parts of a plant cells

  Cell membrane, cell wall, permanent vacuole, chloroplast, ribosome, cytoplasm, mitochondria, nucleus
• What are plasmids?


  Small, circular loops of DNA found free in the cytoplasm and separate from the main DNA
• What do plasmids do?


  Carry genes that provide genetic advantages e.g: antibiotic resistance
• What does the permanent vacuole contain?

  Cell sap (a solution of salts, sugars and organic acids)
• What is the function of the cell membrane?

  Controls the entry and exit of materials into and out of the cells
• What is the function of the mitochondria?

  Site of later stages of aerobic respiration in which ATP is produced
• What is the function of the ribosome?

  Joins amino acids in a specific order during translation for the synthesis of proteins
• What is the structure of the cytoplasm?

  It's the fluid component of the cell, it contains organelles, enzymes and dissolved ions and nutrients
• What is the function of the cytoplasm?

  It's the site of cellular reaction e.g: first stage of respiration, it's the transport medium
• What is a cell wall's purpose?

  It supports and strengthens the cell and is made of cellulose
• What does the permanent vacuole do?


  It keeps the cell turgid and contains sugars and salts in solution
• What is a nucleus's purpose?

  It contains genetic material and controls the activities of the cell and codes for proteins
• What is the difference between a eukaryote and a prokaryote?

  A prokaryote is a bacterial cell and eukaryotes are plant and animal cells
• Name 3 differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes

  Prokaryotes are smaller, eukaryotes contain cell membrane bound organelles and a nucleus containing genetic information
• How is genetic information stored in a prokaryote?

  Found free as plasmid DNA or chromosomal DNA (a single loop of circular DNA)